Chapter Two Flashcards

Front 1

Cell

Back 1

Basic unit of all living things (p.12)

Front 2

Cell Membrane

Back 2

forms inside the boundary of the cell (p.12)

Front 3

Nuecleus

Back 3

Largest structure inside the cell, usually spherical and centrally located (p.12)

Front 4

Chromosomes
(location)

Back 4

located in the nucleus (p.12)

Front 5

Chromosomes

Back 5

46 chromosomes in every human cell, except the mature sex cell(23). (p.12)

Front 6

genes

Back 6

regions in a chromosome that determine heriditary charecteristics (p.12)

Front 7

DNA

Back 7

deoxyriboneucleic acid- each gene is composed of DNA, which regulates the activities of the cell (p.12)

Front 8

tissue

Back 8

group of simular cells that performs a specific task (p.12)

Front 9

muscule tissue

Back 9

composed of cells that have a special ability to contract (usually producing movement) (p.12)

Front 10

nervous tissue

Back 10

found in the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities. (p.12)

Front 11

connective tissue

Back 11

connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures (p.12)

Front 12

epithelial tissue

Back 12

the major covering of the external surface of the body, forms membranes that line body cavaties and organs, and is the major tissue in glands. (p.12)

Front 13

Organ

Back 13

two or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions (p.13)

Front 14

system

Back 14

group of organs that work togetherto perfrom complex body functions (p.13)

Front 15

cranial cavity

Back 15

space inside the skull, containing the brain (p.13)

Front 16

Spinal Cavity

Back 16

space inside the spinal column, containing the spinal cord (p.13)

Front 17

Thoracic/Chest cavity

Back 17

space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi (p.14)

Front 18

Pelvic Cavity

Back 18

space containg the urinary bladder, certaing reproductive organs, part of the large intestine, and the rectum (p.14)

Front 19

abdominopelvic cavity

Back 19

pertaining to both the abdominal and pelvic cavity (p.14)

Front 20

Abdominal cavity

Back 20

space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and ureters (p.14)

Front 21

aden/o

Back 21

gland

Front 22

cyt/o

Back 22

cell

Front 23

epitheli/o

Back 23

epithelium

Front 24

fibr/o

Back 24

fiber

Front 25

hist/o

Back 25

tissue

Front 26

kary/o

Back 26

nucleus

Front 27

lip/o

Back 27

fat

Front 28

my/o

Back 28

muscle

Front 29

neur/o

Back 29

nerve

Front 30

organ/o

Back 30

organ

Front 31

system/o

Back 31

system

Front 32

sarc/o

Back 32

flesh, connective tissue

Front 33

viscer/o

Back 33

internal organs

Front 34

cancer/o, carcin/o

Back 34

cancer

Front 35

eti/o

Back 35

cause (of disease)

Front 36

gno/o

Back 36

knowledge

Front 37

iatr/o

Back 37

physician, medicine, treatment

Front 38

lei/o

Back 38

smooth

Front 39

onc/o

Back 39

tumor, mass

Front 40

path/o

Back 40

disease

Front 41

rhabd/o

Back 41

rod shaped, striated

Front 42

somat/o

Back 42

body

Front 43

chlor/o

Back 43

green

Front 44

chrom/o

Back 44

color

Front 45

cyan/o

Back 45

blue

Front 46

erythr/o

Back 46

red

Front 47

leuk/o

Back 47

white

Front 48

melan/o

Back 48

black

Front 49

xanth/o

Back 49

yellow

Front 50

dia-

Back 50

through, complete

Front 51

dys-

Back 51

difficult, labored, painful, abnormal

Front 52

hyper-

Back 52

above, excessive

Front 53

hypo-

Back 53

below, incomplete, deficient

Front 54

meta-

Back 54

after, beyond, change

Front 55

neo-

Back 55

new

Front 56

pro-

Back 56

before

Front 57

-al, -ic, -ous

Back 57

pertaining to

Front 58

-cyte

Back 58

cell
**ctye ends in an "e" when used as a suffix)

Front 59

-gen

Back 59

substance or agent that prduces or causes...

Front 60

-genisis

Back 60

origin, cause

Front 61

-logist

Back 61

one who studis and treats

Front 62

-logy

Back 62

study of

Front 63

-oid

Back 63

resembling

Front 64

-oma

Back 64

tumor, swelling

Front 65

-osis

Back 65

abnormal condition

Front 66

-pathy

Back 66

disease

Front 67

-plasia

Back 67

condition of formation, developement, growth

Front 68

-plasm

Back 68

a growth, substance, formation

Front 69

-sarcoma

Back 69

malignant tumor

Front 70

-sis

Back 70

state of

Front 71

-stasis

Back 71

control, stop, standing

Front 72

adenocarcinoma

Back 72

cancerous tumor composed of glandular tissue

Front 73

adenoma

Back 73

tumor composed of glandular tissue (benign)

Front 74

carcinoma

Back 74

cancerous tumor (malignant)

Front 75

chloroma

Back 75

tumor of green color (malignant)

Front 76

epithelioma

Back 76

tumor composed of epithelium (malignant)

Front 77

fibroma

Back 77

tumor composed of fiber (fibrous tissue)

Front 78

fibrosarcoma

Back 78

malignant tumor composed of fiber (fibrous tissue)

Front 79

leiomyoma

Back 79

tumor of smooth muscle (benign)

Front 80

leiomysarcoma

Back 80

malignant tumor composed of smooth muscle

Front 81

lipoma

Back 81

tumor containing fat (benign)

Front 82

liposarcoma

Back 82

malignant tumor composed of fat

Front 83

melanocarcinoma

Back 83

black cancerous tumor

Front 84

melanoma

Back 84

black tumor (primarily of the skin)

Front 85

myoma

Back 85

tumor composed of muscle (benign)

Front 86

neoplasm

Back 86

new growth of abnormal tissue or tumor

Front 87

neroma

Back 87

tumor made up of nerve (benign)

Front 88

rhabdomyome

Back 88

tumor of striate muscle (benign)

Front 89

rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 89

malignant tumor of striate muscle

Front 90

sarcoma

Back 90

tumor composed of connective tissue (highly malignant)

Front 91

benign

Back 91

not malignant, nonrecurrent, favorable for recovery

Front 92

cancer chemotherapy
(definition)

Back 92

treatment of cancer using drugs

Front 93

cancer chemotherapy
(abbriviation)

Back 93

chemo

Front 94

cancer in situ

Back 94

cancer in the early stage before invading surrounding tissue

Front 95

cancer radiotherapy
(definition)

Back 95

treatment of cancer using radioactive substance (x-ray or radiation)

Front 96

cancer radiotherapy
(abreviation)

Back 96

CaXRT

Front 97

encapsulated

Back 97

enclosed within a capsule as with benign tumors

Front 98

idiopathic

Back 98

pertaining to disease of unknown origin

Front 99

inflammation

Back 99

reponse to injury or destruction of tissue charecterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain

Front 100

in vitro

Back 100

within a glass, observable within a test tube

Front 101

in vivo

Back 101

within the living body

Front 102

malignant

Back 102

tending to become progressively worse and to cause death, as in cancer

Front 103

remission

Back 103

improvement or absence of signs of disease

Front 104

cancerous

Back 104

pertaining to cancer

Front 105

carcinogen

Back 105

substance the causes cancer

Front 106

carcinogenic

Back 106

producing cancer

Front 107

cyanosis

Back 107

abnormal condition of blue (p.31)

Front 108

cytogenic

Back 108

producing cells

Front 109

cytoid

Back 109

resembling a cell

Front 110

cytology

Back 110

study of cells

Front 111

cytoplasm

Back 111

cell substance

Front 112

diagnosis
(Dx)

Back 112

state of complete knowledge (identifying a disease)

Front 113

dysplasia

Back 113

abnormal development

Front 114

epithelial

Back 114

pertaining to epithelium

Front 115

erythrocyte

Back 115

red blood cell (RBC)

Front 116

erythrocytosis

Back 116

increase of RBC

Front 117

etiology

Back 117

study of causes (of disease)

Front 118

histology

Back 118

study of tissue

Front 119

hyperplasia

Back 119

excessive development (of cells)

Front 120

hypoplasia

Back 120

incomplete development (of cells)