Chapter One Study Guides

Front 1

1. what makes the study of human development a science?

Back 1

developmental study is a science that seeks to understand the changes that occur ad people age

Hint 1

theories
data
analysis
critical thinking
sound methodology

Front 2

2. five steps of the scientific method?

Back 2

1) begin with curiosity
2) develop a hypothesis
3) test hypothesis
4) draw conclusions
5) report results

Front 3

3. why have recommendations regarding the sleeping circumstances of infants changed?

Back 3

every year until the mid 1990's thousands of babies 2 to 4 months died of SIDS including 5000 annually in the US. scientist Susan Beal used the scientific method to help change the sleeping circumstances of infants.

1) developed numerous hypotheses (the cat, quilt, natural honey brain damage spoiled milk)*
2) the sleeping position might matter*
3) convinced parents put their infants on their back*
4) very few babies died of SIDS*
5) back sleeping infants survived more often
back to sleep campaign*

Hint 3

1. curiosity*
2. hypothesis*
3. test*
4. conclusion*
5. report results*

Front 4

4. why is it a mistake to ask whether a specific characteristic is the result of nature or nurture?

Back 4

both genes and environment affect every characteristic. nature always affects nurture and nurture affects nature

Front 5

5. what are examples of critical period and a sensitive period of development?

Back 5

critical period* development of arms, legs,hands and feet, fingers, and toes during 28 to 54 days after conception

sensitive period* language learned early in life between 1-3 yrs

Front 6

6.what factors make it more or less likely that person will be juvenile delinquent?

Back 6

sociologists, psychologist, and economists have found that youth violence including past child abuse and current circumstances.
drug filled, crowded neighborhoods
boys are consider more violent
parental practices
genetic variant occurs in the code for an enzyme (MAOA)

Front 7

7. why do developmentalists insist that differences among people not be assumed to be deficits?

Back 7

developmentalists have come to appreciate the diversity of humankind, instead of assuming that someone unusual is pitied or changed. some differences are welcome diversities, not deficits

Front 8

8. how does the dynamic systems concept interpret family relationship?

Back 8

each part of development in each person is connected to many parts of the system, and thus each part is affected by changes in other parts as time goes on.

Hint 8

birth turns woman into a mother
man into a father
dramatic transformation of the individuals