Chapter One

Front 1

Define Socialcultural Anthropology

Back 1

approach that retains the British focus of social anthropology at the same time it adds American focus on culture to produce something slightly different from either one

Front 2

Define Political Anatamony

Back 2

people’s bodies are controlled by others to operate with the necessary speed and efficiency.

Front 3

Defne Anthropology

Back 3

Anthropology means the study of human beings, how or when we became humans and comparing to other things in the world.

Front 4

What are the four different types of anthropology

Back 4

1) Biological Anthropology

2) Archaeology

3) Linguistic Anthrpology

4) Sociocultural Anthropology

Front 5

Define

Biological Anthropology

Back 5

focuses on multitude of organisms, fossil remains, study of the closets non human relatives, study of human remains an cause of death

Front 6

Define

Archaeology

Back 6

the branch of anthropology that studies human history and it’s artifacts. They look at material remains of human groups

Front 7

Define

Linguistic Anthropologist

Back 7

examine relationship between language and culture. How they use it in both a physical ( how communication is structured) and a historical sense (how it’s developed)

Front 8

Define

Sociocultural Anthropology:

Back 8

1) How societies are structed and how cultural meanings are created. Differences between cultures and their similarities, and how people construct their own version of what it means to be human.

Front 9

Define culture

Back 9

culture is the system of meanings about the nature of experience that is shared by person and passed on from one generation to another.

Front 10

Define Armchair Anthropologist

Back 10

referes to an aproach to the study of various socities that dominated anthropology in the late 1800s. It involoved the collection, study, and analysis of the writings of missionaries, explorers, and colonists who had sustained contact with non western people. They used these documents to make comparisions and generalizations about the ways of life of various groups

Front 11

Ar chair anthropology can be very

Back 11

Heirarchial

Front 12

Define enthnographic method

Back 12

requires the anthropologist to immerse themselves in the lives and cultures of the peoples they are trying to understand in order to comprehend the meanings these people ascribe to their existence.

Front 13

Define Participants Obervation

Back 13

an element of field work that can involve participating in daily tasks and observing daily interactions amoung a particular group

Front 14

Define Fieldwork

Back 14

Engage in long-term interactions with various groups of people. Involves living with people and contributing to dauly chores and tasks, and conducting interviews.

Front 15

EthngraphyDefine

Back 15

is a written description of a particular group of people usually based upon anthropological field work.

Front 16

Malinoski believed you had to understand culutre

Back 16

on its on terms

Front 17

Malinioski believed culture aroused to

Back 17

Meet the specific needs of people

Front 18

efine salvage anthroology

Back 18

: An approach to anthropology that arose in the late 1800s when anthropologist witnessed the extinction and/or assimilation of indigenous groups throughout the world. In response, some anthropologist, such as Franz Boas, suggested that anthropologist rapidly document the oral stories, songs, histories, and other traditions of indigenous groups before they disappeared.

Front 19

Define multi-sited fieldwork

Back 19

the term coined by George Marcus in 1995, refers to the process of connecting localized experiences of fieldwork with broader, global processes. It necessitates understanding various issues from multiple “sites” or perspective.

Front 20

Define representation

Back 20

The way in which a group of people is depicted in writing or through images. Anthropologist are increasingly conscious of the fact that when they write about a group of people they are constructing particular representations that may have positive or negative long term effects for a group of people

Front 21

Define

essentialism

Back 21

which is the act of creating or generalizing/ sterotypes about the behavior of the culture of a group of people. When the representation are consumed by a public that is too often uncritical, racism is perpetuated and domestic and foreign policy are affected the worse.

Front 22

Define enthnocentric fallacy

Back 22

is the idea that our beliefs and behaviours are right and true while others are wrong and misguided.

Front 23

Define enthnocentrism

Back 23

Is the tendency to judge the beliefs and behaviours of other cultures from the perspective of one’s own.

Front 24

Define culutral relativism

Back 24

The attempt to understand beliefs and behaviours of other cultures in terms of the culture in which they are found. Simply meaning that no behaviour or belief is wrong simply because it is different from our own.

Front 25

define relativistic fallacy

Back 25

the idea that it is impossible to make moral judgements about the behaviours of other cultures (rape).

Front 26

Define cultural text

Back 26

A way of thinking about culutre as a text of significant symbols - words, gestures, drawings, natural objects - that carries meaning

Front 27

Define Anthropos and Logia

Back 27

human beings, knowledge of

Front 28

Anthropology is a ________ science

Back 28

Holisitcs

Front 29

Edward Tylor was a

Back 29

Armchair anthrologist

Front 30

Edward Tylor brought to light some

Back 30

pitfalls and problems inherent in secondary sources

Front 31

Tylor created

Back 31

culutre

Front 32

What was Franz Boas' approach

Back 32

Historical Particularism (had to be viewed overtime)

Front 33

Define eticperspective

Back 33

outside looking in on another culture

Front 34

Emic Perspective

Back 34

One that attempts to see the world through the eyes of the people being studied

Front 35

stuart hall defined representation as

Back 35

activies that produce meaning through practices of signification

Front 36

Define Postmodernism

Back 36

Denies the possibility of acquiring or even the exisitence of , "true" knowledge about the world

Front 37

Nancy Huges agured for

Back 37

A politically committed, morally engaged and ethically grounded antropology

Front 38

Define Physical Anthropology

Back 38

•concerned primarily with reconstructing the human evolutionary record through the study of fossil remains

Front 39

Define Cultural Anthropology

Back 39

Comparative study of all aspects of human behaviour, attitudes, beliefs, and material possessions

Front 40

Define evolutionary persective

Back 40

Fundamental belief that the way people organize their lives, the frameworks they use to understand the world as well as to function within it evolve from simple to complex

Front 41

Define embodied perspective

Back 41

: culture as a king of symbolic capital which constitutes skills, tastes, credentials, education etc. (gives access to things both economy and socially). Culture as a kind of resource that has social, political, economic instrumentality (benefits)

Front 42

Who said when we are socialized in a certain context we can understand eachother

Back 42

Jurgen Habermas

Front 43

Jurgen Habermas tried to understand socialism through

Back 43

Dialogue

Front 44

Define Magic

Back 44

Rituals that does not seem like rational behaviour

Front 45

Define rituals

Back 45

Dramatization of shared cultural meanings.

Front 46

Emile Durkheim says ritual functions do what to individuals?

Back 46

Unifies them