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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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smooth muscle |
control the digestive system and other organs not under voluntary control |
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striated muscles / skeletal muscles |
contractile fibrils in the cell are aligned in parallel bundles, attached to the skeleton by tendons and are under voluntary control |
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cardiac muscles |
the heart muscles, have properties intermediate of smooth and striated muscles |
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neuromuscular junction |
a synapse between a motor neuron axon and muscle fiber |
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antagonistic muscles |
opposing sets of muscles, one contracts and the other relaxes |
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flexor muscle |
the muscle that when contracted bends a limb or other body part |
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extensor muscle |
the muscle that when contracted extends a limb or other body part |
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fast-twitch fibers |
muscle fibers that contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
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slow-twitch fibers |
muscle fibers that contract less vigorously and with little fatigue |
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aerobic |
oxygen is consumed |
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anaerobic |
oxygen is not consumed |
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proprioceptor |
a receptor that detects the position or movement of a part of the body, such as a muscle |
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stretch reflex |
the reflexive response sent by the spinal cord when a muscle is stretched, telling the muscle to contract |
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muscle spindle |
a kind of propioceptor that is parallel to the muscle, stretches along with it, and sends the message that results in a muscle contraction |
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golgi tendon organs |
a type of propioceptor that responds to increases in muscle tension; located in tendons at opposite ends of a muscle, they act as a brake against excessively vigorous contraction |
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reflexes |
consistent automatic responses to stimuli |
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ballistic movment |
a moment that is executed as a whole, and once begun, cannot be stopped or changed; reflexes are ballistic |
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central pattern generators |
neural mechanisms in the spinal cord that generate rhythmic patterns of motor output; some examples include a bird flapping its wings, fin movement in fish, and a wet dog shaking itself |
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motor program |
a fixed sequence of movement, such as a yawn |
