Chapter 9 - The Urinary System

Front 1

Homeostasis

Back 1

The state of equilibrium that produces a constant internal environment throughout the body.

Front 2

Urea

Back 2

The major waste product of protein metabolism.

Front 3

Urinary System aka Urinary Tract

Back 3

Consists of 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, one bladder and a urethra.

Front 4

Kidneys

Back 4

These constantly filter the blood to remove the waste products and excess water and salts. Located retroperitoneally with one on each side of the vertebral column below the diaphragm.

Front 5

Urine

Back 5

A sterile liquid by-product of the body that is secreted by the kidneys through a process called urination and excreted through the urethra.

Front 6

Renal

Back 6

Pertaining to the kidneys.

Front 7

Renal Cortex

Back 7

This is the outer rim of the kidney. It contains over 1 million microscopic units called nephrons.

Front 8

Medulla

Back 8

This is the inner region of the kidney; it contains most of the urine-collecting tubules.

Front 9

Renal Pelvis

Back 9

This is the funnel-shaped area within each kidney that is surrounded by these 2 layers.

Front 10

Nephrons

Back 10

These are the functional units of the kidneys. They form the urine by the process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

Front 11

Glomerulus

Back 11

This is a cluster of capillaries which is surrounded by a cup-shaped membrane called the Bowman's Capsule.

Front 12

Urochrome

Back 12

THis is the pigment that gives urine its normal yellow-amber or straw color.

Front 13

ur/o

Back 13

Means Urine

Front 14

-chrome

Back 14

Means Color

Front 15

Ureters

Back 15

These are narrow tubes, each about 10 to 12 inches long. Each one carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.

Front 16

Peristalsis

Back 16

This moves the urine downward toward the bladder.

Front 17

Urinary Bladder

Back 17

This is a hollow muscular organ that is a reservoir for urine. It stores about 1 pint of urine.

Front 18

Urethra

Back 18

This is the rube extending from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Front 19

Urinary Sphincters

Back 19

There are 2 of these, which are located at either end of the urethra, control the flow of urine from the bladder into the urethra and out of the urethra through the urethral meatus.

Front 20

Urethral Meatus aka Urinary Meatus

Back 20

This is the external opening of the urethra.

Front 21

Female Urethra

Back 21

This is approx. 1.5 inches long. Located between the clitoris and the opening of the vagina. Only conveys urine.

Front 22

Male Urethra

Back 22

This is approx 8" long. Located at the tip of the penis. Conveys both semen and urine.

Front 23

Nephrologist

Back 23

This person specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys.

Front 24

nephr

Back 24

Kidney

Front 25

-ologist

Back 25

specialist

Front 26

Urologist

Back 26

This person specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males.