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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The practice of breeding plants or animals for desirable traits is known as
selective breeding
Any trait that helps an organism to survive in its environment is called an
adaptation
Occasionally an error occurs during the process of DNA replication. This
kind of change is called a
mutation
is one that an
organism develops after it is born.
acquired trait
Each trait of an organism is determined by a short segment of DNA known
as a
gene
gene is not expressed if an offspring receives
genes for two different forms of the same trait.
recessive
offspring are produced
from one parent.
asexual reproduction
If an offspring receives genes for two different forms of a trait, the trait of
the __________gene is expressed.
dominant
What is asexual reproduction? Name something that
reproduces asexually.
In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced from one parent. The following reproduce asexually: bacteria; many protists; yeast.
What is sexual reproduction? Name something that
reproduces sexually.
Sexual reproduction occurs when a female gamete joins with
a male gamete to form a new organism. The following
reproduce sexually: yeast; algae; plants; animals.
What is the difference between a purebred organism and a hybrid?
A purebred organism has two identical genes for a trait.

A hybrid has two different genes for the same trait.
What is the goal of hybridization?
to produce a hybrid organism with the best traits from both
parents
What is this animal’s type of
adaptation called? How does this adaptation protect the animal?
Camouflage. It protects the animal by making it look like a twig, which allows it to hide from birds.
is the process through which traits are passed from parents to offspring.
Heredity
A(n) ___________is one that an organism develops after it is born.
acquired trait
__________traits are traits that people
deliberately change.
Manipulated
The information that determines inherited traits is
stored within the cell nucleus in a molecule called
DNA
Each trait of an organism is determined by a short segment
of DNA called a(n)
gene
The basic units of DNA are called
nucleotides
A short segment of DNA that determines a specific trait for an organism
g e n e
An asexual process used by some animals for reproduction
r e g e n e r a t i o n
Having to do with traits passed down through genes
g e n e t i c
A factor in the environment that causes a mutation
m u t a g e n
All the people born and living at about the same time
g e n e r a t i o n
The fact or condition of being a male or a female human being
g e n d e r
a rod-shaped structure of shorter, thicker coils of DNA
Chrosomes
the process through which traits are passed from parents to offspring
Heredity
information is stored within the cell nucleus in this molecule; it is also called
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
the basic unit of DNA
nucleotide
an organism that has two different genes for the same trait
hybrid
occurs when a female gamete joins with a male gamete to form a new
organism
sexual reproduction