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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fossil |
The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the distant past. |
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strata |
Horizontal layers of sediment. |
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crust |
The thin outermost layer of Earth. |
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lithosphere |
The solid rocky layer of Earth formed by the crust and the upper part of the mantle. |
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mantle |
The thick layer of dense rock that sits beneath Earth’s crust. |
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sea-floor spreading |
The pulling apart of plate boundaries under the ocean floor. |
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tectonic plates |
An irregular section of the lithosphere that floats on Earth’s mantle. |
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epicenter |
A point on Earth’s surface directly above the location of initial plate boundary movement during an earthquake. |
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focus |
The location where earthquake movement first occurs. |
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plate boundary |
The edge of a tectonic plate. |
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seismic wave |
A wave that carries the energy released when rock moves at plate boundaries. |
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tsunami |
A huge ocean wave usually caused by earthquakes under the ocean floor. |
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Convergent boundaries |
form when plates are coming together |
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Divergent boundaries |
form when plates move in different directions |
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Transform Fault boundaries |
form when plates slide past each other |
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P Waves |
travel the fastest (primary waves) |
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S Waves |
cause the ground to shake from side to side (secondary waves) |
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L Waves |
travel across the Earth’s surface in a rolling, wave-like fashion, most destructive (surface waves) |
