Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
association
|
Process by which two pieces of information from the envionment are repeatedly linked so that we begin to connect them in our minds
|
|
Conditioning
|
a form of associative learning in which behaviors are triggered by associations with events in the enviorment.
|
|
Classical Conditioning
|
Form of associative learning in which a neutrak stimulus becomes associated with a stimulus to which one has an automatic, inborn response.
|
|
Unconditioned response (UCR)
|
The automatic inborn reaction to a stimulus
|
|
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
|
the environmental input that always produces the same unlearned response
|
|
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
|
A previously neutral input that an organism learns to associate with the UCS.
|
|
Conditioned response (CR)
|
A behavior that an organism learns to perform when presented with the CS.
|
|
Stimulus discrimination
|
Restriction of a CR to the exact CS to which it was conditioned.
|
|
Stimulus generalization
|
extension of the association between UCS and CS to include a broad array of similar stimuli.
|
|
extinctionoccurs
|
the weakening and desappearance of a conditioned response, which occurs when the UCS is no longer paired with the CS
|
|
operant conditioning
|
the process of changing behavior by manipulating the consequences of that behavior
|
|
secondary reinforcers
|
reinforcers that are learned by association, ushually via classical conditioning.
|
|
Positive reinf.
|
the presentation or addition of a stimulus after a behavior occurs that increases how often tha behavior will occur
|
|
Negative Reinf.
|
Removal of a stimulus after a behavior to increase the frequency of that behavior.
|
|
Negative punishment
|
the removal of a stimuls to decrease behavior
|
|
positive punishment
|
The addition of a stimulus that decreases behavior.
|
|
Shaping
|
the reinforcement of successive approximations of a desired behavior.
|
|
continuous reinforcment
|
reinforcement of a behavior every time it occurs
|
|
Intermitten reinforcement
|
reinforcement of a behavior- but not after every response
|
|
biological constraint model
|
view on learning porposing that some behaviors are inherently more likely to be learned than others.
|
|
conditioned taste adversion
|
the l;earned avoidance of a particular taste of food
|
|
enactive learning
|
learning by doing
|
|
observational learning
|
learning by watching the behavior of others
|
|
social learning theory
|
a description of the kind of learning that occurs when we model or imitate the behavior of others
|
|
Modeling
|
the imitation of behaviors performed by others
|
|
imprinting
|
the rapid and innate learning of the characteristics of a caregiver very soon after birth.
|
|
Ethology
|
The scientific study of animal behavior
|