Chapter 9

Front 1

________ refers to a type of communication in which large audiences quickly receive given messages via an interpersonal medium between the sender and the receiver.

Back 1

Medium

Front 2

Mass media are ________ of culture in that their form and content affect us in some way as in through products we buy.

Back 2

shapers

Front 3

The effect of media on children is difficult to determine in that there may be many bidirectional variables involved. This means:

Back 3

variables that the child brings to the media experience and how media changes the child over time.

Front 4

Family variables that affect how the media impacts a child include:

alternative activities provided to the child.
b. income.
c. all of these choices.
d. types of media available in the home.
e. monitoring of media consumption.

Back 4

all of these choices.

Front 5

All of the following are chronosystem systems influences on media EXCEPT:

a. interactive media such as video games.
b. increase in educational television programs.
c. increase in violence and sex in the media.
d. cell phones.
e. increase in reality-based programs

Back 5

increase in educational television programs.

Front 6

In 1997, most of the television industry implemented a ________ designed to give parents advanced information about the content of programs.

Back 6

rating system

Front 7

Three-year-old Samantha's parents want to find a program that will be specifically designed for young children and does not include any material that may frighten her. They should look for a rating of:

Back 7

TV Y.

Front 8

Young children may be particularly vulnerable to television images because:

Back 8

cognitive immaturity may lead them to believe what they see to be real.

Front 9

Jose spends about four hours watching television while his mother and father are at work. How does this compare to other children?

Back 9

About the same

Front 10

In what way does TV watching affect family interactions?

a. Decreases opportunities for social development.
b. Decreases opportunities for conversations.
c. Decreases opportunities for see others' points of view.
d. Decreases opportunities for learning compromise.
e. All of these choices.

Back 10

About the same

Front 11

Four-year-old Andrea was taken to the emergency room because she tried to fly off her bunk bed like her favorite superhero. What accounts for this?

Back 11

Andrea has confused reality and fantasy.

Front 12

Which of the following has been found to be true for children's television viewing and obesity?

Back 12

The two have been shown to be positively correlated.

Front 13

Sandy is playing with her best friend using a box as their car. This is an example of which type of play?

Back 13

Imaginative

Front 14

Research has shown that children who watch a lot of televised violence are ________ prone to behave aggressively than children who do not watch TV violence.

Back 14

more

Front 15

Albert Bandura is a social cognitive theorist whose theory describes the role of ________.

Back 15

observational learning

Front 16

________ theories examine psychological changes in the body and subsequent emotions that occur when watching violent episodes.

Back 16

Arousal

Front 17

When Tyler first watched a violent movie he was very frightened. Now they don't bother him as much. This is an example of:

Back 17

desensitization

Front 18

Every hour of television is carefully planned to contain enough time for ________ messages.

Back 18

commercial

Front 19

One way in which advertisers gain a child as a consumer is to:

Back 19

give the child a sense of power if they have that product.

Front 20

Commercials have been shown to teach children all the following EXCEPT:

a. all problems are quickly fixed.

b. all problems are fixed through money.

c. all problems are fixed through the use of some sort of machinery such as a computer.

d. all problems can be fixed.

e. all problems are fixed through the use of some product such as particular cologne.

Back 20

all problems are fixed through money.

Front 21

What is one likely reason television has been increasingly exposing audiences to increased violence and explicit sexuality?

Back 21

To hold on to their audiences.

Front 22

________ are qualities or beliefs that are viewed as desirable or important. They influence attitudes, motives and behavior.

Back 22

VALUES

Front 23

Jane is watching an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in which two friends learn how to solve their conflict about who should go first in a game of Checkers. This is an example of learning:

Back 23

socially desirable behaviors.

Front 24

Television programming exposes teenagers to a high rate of ________ information and an incessant flow of images.

Back 24

sexual

Front 25

Presenting behaviors, lifestyles and attitudes that oversimplify representations of members of a group especially related to issues of gender, aging, social class, culture and race are known as ________.

Back 25

stereotypes

Front 26

Young Angie watches about four hours of TV a day. What does research say about Angie's reading behavior?

Back 26

She reads fewer books than others who do not watch as much TV.

Front 27

________ processing allows individuals to attend to specific content based on interest, past experiences and cognitive development.

Back 27

information

Front 28

Watching more educational programming as preschoolers resulted in all the following EXCEPT:

a. higher grades in school.

b. greater creativity.

c. less aggression as adolescents.

d. higher income as adults.

e. higher value placed on achievement.

Back 28

e. higher value placed on achievement.

Front 29

________ variables are those variables that affect the impact of television viewing on children.

Back 29

Mediating

Front 30

Three-year-old Emily likes to watch TV to see the bright lights and the catch songs while 15-year-old Edward watches TV to watch complex adult relationships. This is a result of Emily and Edward's:

Back 30

selective attention

Front 31

Debbie's parents want to make good decisions regarding her TV viewing. They should do all the following EXCEPT:

Back 31

allow Debbie to make the ultimate choice of what she watches.

Front 32

Which of the following is an example of linkages between community and media?

a. None of these choices

b. All of these choices

c. Cable and satellite television

d. Public Broadcasting System

e. Public interest groups

Back 32

all of these

Front 33

Seventeen-year-old Ruth rushes home each day to instant message her friend about what happened during seventh period that day. This behavior would be considered:

Back 33

Away for ruth to stay connected with her friends

Front 34

According to the text, one of the known roles of print media in socialization is the passing of ________ to the next generation.

Back 34

culture

Front 35

Reading and being read to influences children's development through all of the following ways EXCEPT:

a. cognitive stimulation.

b. social development.

c. increased behavioral control.

d. increased language development.

e. providing vicarious experiences.

Back 35

increased behavioral control.

Front 36

The core of an educated person is communications via reading and writing which is also known as ________.

Back 36

literacy

Front 37

Books that provide an interpretation of issues or situations from only one perspective have the following bias:

Back 37

selectivity and imbalance.

Front 38

Peter loves to read books about historical figures and likes to learn more about figures from his family's Danish heritage. Peter is most likely in what stage of development?

Back 38

Concrete operations

Front 39

________ is a phenomenon in which an individual exposed to a suggestion will act on it. This is a concern when evaluating the role of sex and violence associated with music available to teenagers.

Back 39

Contagion

Front 40

________ represents a fusion of media technologies mixing dynamism and active participation.

Back 40

interactive media