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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
power
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the ability to exercise ones will over others even if they resist
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force
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the actual or threatened use of coersion to impose one's will on others
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influence
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the exercise of power through a process of persuasion
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authority
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insitutionalized power that is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised
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traditional authority
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legitimate power conferred by custom and accepted practice
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rational-legal authority
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authority based on formally agreed-upon and accepted rules, principles, and procedures of conduct that are established in order to accomplish goals in the most effecient manner possible
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charismatic authority
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power made legitimate by a leader's exceptional personal or emotional appeal to his or her followers
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industrial society
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a society that depends on mechanization to produce its goods and services
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economic system
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the social insitution through which goods and services are produced, distributed, and consumed
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capitalism
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an economic system in which the means of production are held largely in private hands and the main incentive for economic activity is the accumulation of profits
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laissez-faire
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a form of capitalism under which people compete freely, with minimal goverment intervention in the economy
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monopoly
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control of a market by a single business firm
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socialism
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an economic system under which the means of production and distribution are collectively owned
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communism
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as an ideal type, an economic system under which all property is communally owned and social distinctions are made on the basis of people's ability to produce
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mixed economy
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an economic system that combines elements of both capitalism and socialism
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informal economy
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transfers of money, goods or services that are not reported to the goverment
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deindistrialization
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the systematic, widespread withdrawal of investment in basic aspects of productively, such as factories and plants
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downsizing
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reductions in a company's workforce as part of deindustrialization
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offshoring
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the transfer of work to foreign contractors
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politics
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in Harold Lasswell's words "who gets what, when, and how"
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political system
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the social institution that is founded on a recognized set of procedures for implementing and acheiving society's goals
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monarchy
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a form of government headed by a single member of a royal family, usually a king, queen, or some other hereditary ruler
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oligarchy
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a form of government in which a few individuals rule
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dictatorship
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a government in which one person has nearly total power to make and enforce laws
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totalitarianism
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virtually complete government control and surveilance over all aspects of a society's social and political life
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democracy
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in a literal sense, government by the people
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representative democracy
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a form of government in which certain individuals are selected to speak for the people
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elite model
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a view of society as being ruled by a small group of individuals who share a common set of political and economic interests
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power elite
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a small group of military, industrial, and government leaders who control the fate of the US
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pluralist model
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a view of society in which many competing groups within the community have access to government, so that no single group is dominant
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war
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conflict between organizations that possess trained combat forces equipped with deadly weapons
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terrorism
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the use or threat of violence against random or symbolic targets in pursuit of political aims
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peace
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the absence of war, or more broadly, a proactive effort to develop cooperative relations among nations
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