Chapter 8 Vocabulary

Front 1

Acid-balanced shampoos

Back 1

Shampoos that are balanced to the pH of hair and skin (4.5 to 5.5)

Front 2

Acids

Back 2

Solutions that have a pH below 7.0

Front 3

Alkalis

Back 3

Solutions that have a pH above 7.0

Front 4

Atoms

Back 4

Smallest particles of an element that still retain the properties of that elements

Front 5

Balancing Shampoos

Back 5

Designed for hair and scalp conditions

Front 6

Bases

Back 6

Also know as alkalis

Front 7

Bluing rinses

Back 7

Temporary colors or shampoo products with a blue base used to offset yellow and gray tones in hair

Front 8

Chemical change

Back 8

Change in the chemical composition of a substance by which new substances are formed

Front 9

Chemical properties

Back 9

Characteristics that can only be determined with a chemical reaction

Front 10

Chemistry

Back 10

The science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter

Front 11

Clarifying shampoos

Back 11

Shampoos containing an acidic ingredient that cuts through product buildup

Front 12

Color-enhancing shampoos

Back 12

Created by combining surfactant bases with basic dyes

Front 13

Compounds

Back 13

Two or more atoms of different elements united chemically with fixed chemical composition, definite proportions, and distinct properties

Front 14

Conditioners

Back 14

Chemical agents used to deposit protein or moisturizers in the hair

Front 15

Deep-conditioning treatments

Back 15

Chemical mixtures of concentrated protein and moisturizers

Front 16

Dry or powder shampoos

Back 16

Shampoos that cleanse the hair without water

Front 17

Element

Back 17

The simplest form of matter

Front 18

Emulsions

Back 18

Mixtures of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of a binder or emulsifier

Front 19

Inorganic chemistry

Back 19

Chemistry dealing with compounds lacking carbon

Front 20

Instant conditioners

Back 20

Conditioners that typically remain on the hair from one to five minutes and are rinsed out

Front 21

Ion

Back 21

An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge

Front 22

Ionization

Back 22

The separating of a substance into ions

Front 23

Leave-in conditioners

Back 23

Conditioners and thermal protectors that can be left in the hair without rinsing

Front 24

Liquid-dry shampoos

Back 24

Liquid shampoos that evaporate quickly and do not require rinsing

Front 25

Matter

Back 25

And substance that occupies space, has physical and chemical properties, and exists in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas

Front 26

Medicated rinses

Back 26

Rinses formulated to control minor dandruff and scalp conditions

Front 27

Medicated shampoos

Back 27

Shampoos containing medicinal agents for control of dandruff and other scalp conditions

Front 28

Moisturizing conditioners

Back 28

Contain humectants to absorb and promote the retention of moisture in the hair

Front 29

Moisturizing or conditioning shampoo

Back 29

Products formulated to add moisture to dry hair

Front 30

Molecules

Back 30

Two or more atoms joined chemically

Front 31

Organic chemistry

Back 31

The study of substances that contain carbon

Front 32

Organic shampoos

Back 32

Formulated from natural organic ingredients

Front 33

Oxidation

Back 33

Chemical reaction that combines an element or compound with oxygen to produce an oxide

Front 34

Oxides

Back 34

Compounds of any element combined with oxygen

Front 35

pH (potential hydrogen)

Back 35

Relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance

Front 36

pH Scale

Back 36

A measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline solutions

Front 37

Physical change

Back 37

Change in the form of a substance without the formation of a new substance

Front 38

Physical mixture

Back 38

Combination of two or more substances united physically

Front 39

Physical properties

Back 39

Characteristics of matter that can be determined without a chemical reaction

Front 40

Protein conditioners

Back 40

Products designed to slightly increase hair diameter with a coating action and to replace lost proteins in hair

Front 41

Pure substance

Back 41

Matter that has a fixed chemical composition, definite proportions, and district properties

Front 42

Redox

Back 42

Contraction for reduction-oxidation

Front 43

Reduction

Back 43

The subtraction of oxygen from, or the addition of hydrogen to a substance

Front 44

Rinse

Back 44

An agent used to cleanse or condition the hair and scalp

Front 45

Salts

Back 45

Compounds that are formed by the reaction of acids and bases

Front 46

Scalp conditioners

Back 46

Cream-based products and ointments used to soften and improve the health of the scalp

Front 47

Surfactant

Back 47

A substance that acts as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension

Front 48

Suspensions

Back 48

Formulations in which solid particles are distributed throughout a liquid medium

Front 49

Synthetic polymer conditioners

Back 49

Formulated to prevent breakage and correct excessive porosity on badly damaged hair

Front 50

Tonic

Back 50

Cosmetic solution that stimulates the scalp, helps to correct a scalp condition, or is used as a grooming aid