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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 types of natural nuclear radiation |
Terrestrial radiation (from earth) Cosmic (from space) |
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3 naturally occurring forms of nuclear radiation |
Alpha Beta Gamma |
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Why is nuclear radiation released? |
Atomic nucleus is not stable, so atom released nuclear radiation to become stable |
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Nuclear radiation |
Radiation emitted from the nucleus of an atom |
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Alpha particle |
Relatively slow moving decay product consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Positive charge |
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Daughter nucleus |
Nucleus remaining after an atom undergoes radioactive decay. More stable than original nucleus |
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Why is energy written in decay equation? |
Because particles moves |
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How fast does an alpha particle move? |
5-7% of speed of light 2x10^7 metres per second |
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What is the overall charge of an alpha particle? |
+2 because it contains 2 protons Therefore, can be deflected by electric/magnetic fields. This helps scientists determine what an alpha particle consists of |
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Electron volt |
eV Amount of energy an electron or a proton gains when accelerated across a voltage drop of 1 volt |
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How many types of beta decay are possible? |
2 |
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Beta- particle |
Fast moving electron that is ejected from an unstable nucleus. |
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Beta + particle |
Positron Positively charged particle with the same mass as an electron. Mostly produced by cosmic radiation |
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What happens in beta- decay |
Electron(beta- particle) is emitted from inside the nucleus. This happens by one of the neutrons transforming into a proton and electron. Gain of proton |
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What happens in beta + decay |
Positron is emitted from nucleus by proton changing into neutron and positron. One less proton |
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Weight of beta particles |
Much lighter than alpha particles |
