Chapter 8 Part 2

Front 1

Articulating Bones of the Knee

Back 1

Femoropatellar: Patella and Femur

Tibiofemoral: lateral femur and tibia, medial femur and tibia

Front 2

Anatomical Characteristics of the knee

Back 2

meniscus;

joint cavity is partially enclosed by a capsule;

Synovial cavity has complicated shape;

many bursae exist

Front 3

Movements allowed by t he knee

Back 3

tibiofemoral: primarily hinge, some rotation

(Flexion, Extension, some rotation during flexion and extension)

Femoropatellar: Plate

(Patella glides over distal end of femur during flexion)

Front 4

Joint Stability of the knee

Back 4

Capsular and extracapsular ligaments prevent hyperextension;

Cruciate ligaments prevent anterior-posterior displacement

Knee capsule is reinforced by muscle tendons

Front 5

Glenohumeral Joint

Back 5

Shoulder

Front 6

Articulating Bones of the Shoulder

Back 6

Humerus and scapula

Front 7

Anatomical Characteristics of the shoulder

Back 7

articular capsule is thin and loose;

Ball and socket joint

Labrum helps support humerus into glenoid fossa

Front 8

Movements allowed by the shoulder

Back 8

most freely moveable joint in the body;

multiaxial: flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, Rotation, Circumduction

Front 9

Joint Stability of the Shoulder

Back 9

Anterior ligaments reinforce shoulder;

Muscle tendons contribute most to stability:

Biceps Tendon (long head)=superstabilizer

Rotator Cuff Tendons: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor

Front 10

Articulating Bones of the elbow

Back 10

Primarily Humerus and Ulna;

Radius also articulates with humerus but does not contribute to hinge: Radius rotates over ulna allowing supination and pronation

Front 11

Anatomical Characteristics of the Elbow

Back 11

Close Grip of Trochlea (Humerus) and Trochlear Notch (Ulna);

Thin articular capsule;

Capsular ligaments prevent side to side movement

Front 12

Movements allowed by the elbow

Back 12

Flexion and extension only;

Stable operating hinge joint

Front 13

Joint stability of elbow

Back 13

Great bone-bone interaction;

Ulnar and Radial collateral ligaments prevent side to side movements;

Tendons of arm muscles provide security:

Biceps Brachii and Triceps Brachii

Front 14

Articulating Bones of Hip

Back 14

Femur and Hip bone

Front 15

Anatomical Characteristics of Hip

Back 15

Socket is enhanced with acetabular labrum;

Thick articular capsule completely encloses the joint;

Strong ligaments reinforce the capsule;

Ligament of the head of the femur holds head of femur into acetabulum

Front 16

Movement allowed by the Hip

Back 16

Good range of motion, but less than shoulder;

Multiaxial: Flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction

Front 17

Joint stability of the Hip

Back 17

Strong ligaments and deep socket limit motion;

ligaments surrounding the capsule "screw" the femur head into the acetabulum while standing;

Muscle tendons and bulky hip and thigh muscles stabilize and add strength