Chapter 8 Learning

Front 1

Learning

Back 1

Chang in behavior due to experience

Front 2

Associative Learning

Back 2

Certain events occur together with learning.
Classical Conditioning/ Operant Conditioning

Front 3

Classical Conditioning

Back 3

Learning where organism comes to associate stimulus

Front 4

Behaviorism

Back 4

Studies behavior without mental processes

Front 5

Unconditioned Response

Back 5

Unlearned naturally response to unconditioned stimulus

Front 6

Unconditioned Stimulus

Back 6

Stimulus that automatically triggers a response

Front 7

Conditioned Response

Back 7

Learned response to a previous neutral stimulus

Front 8

Conditioned Stimulus

Back 8

Triggers conditioned response

Front 9

Acquisition

Back 9

Initial stage in Classical Conditioning

Front 10

Extinction

Back 10

Diminishing of a conditioned response

Front 11

Spontaneous Recovery

Back 11

Reappearance after a pause

Front 12

Generalization

Back 12

Similar stimuli elicits similar response

Front 13

Discrimination

Back 13

Distinguish between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli

Front 14

Operant Conditioning

Back 14

Behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer

Front 15

Respondent Behavior

Back 15

Automatic responses to a stimulus

Front 16

Operant Behavior

Back 16

Operates on environment

Front 17

Shaping

Back 17

Guide behavior toward desired behavior

Front 18

Reinforcer

Back 18

Event that strengthens behavior

Front 19

Positive Reinforcement

Back 19

Increasing behavior with positive stimuli

Front 20

Negative Reinforcement

Back 20

Increases behavior with reducing negative stimuli

Front 21

Primary Reinforcer

Back 21

Innately reinforces stimuli. Stimulus satisfies biological needs.

Front 22

Conditioned Reinforcer

Back 22

Secondary reinforcer, associated with primary reinforcer.

Front 23

Continuous Reinforcement

Back 23

Reinforcing desired response every time it occurs

Front 24

Partial Reinforcement

Back 24

Reinforcing response only part of the time

Front 25

Fixed-Ratio Schedule

Back 25

Specified number of responses

Front 26

Variable-Ratio Schedule

Back 26

Unpredicted number of responses

Front 27

Fixed-Interval Schedule

Back 27

Reinforcement after a specific time has elapsed

Front 28

Variable-Interval Schedule

Back 28

Reinforcement after a unpredictable amount of time

Front 29

Punishment

Back 29

Decreases in behavior follows

Front 30

Cognitive Map

Back 30

Mental layout of one's environment

Front 31

Latent Learning

Back 31

Learning that occurs, but is not apparent

Front 32

Intrinsic Motivation

Back 32

Performing behavior for own sake

Front 33

Extrinsic Motivation

Back 33

Preforming behavior for reward/lack of punishement

Front 34

Observational Learning

Back 34

Learning by observing others

Front 35

Modeling

Back 35

Observing and imitating behavior

Front 36

Mirror Neurons

Back 36

Monkey see monkey do neurons

Front 37

Prosocial Behavior

Back 37

Positive, constructive, helpful behavior