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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 Premises of Evolutionary Psychology 1. Domain specificity |
1. adaptations are designed by evolutionary process to solve specialized adaptive problems |
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2. Numerousness |
- expectation is that there are many psychological adaptations, because different adaptations are required to solve different adaptive problems -with phobias- ppl tend to be afraid of things that were dangerous to us in evolutionary pasty- snakes and height |
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3. functionality |
- psychological adaptations are designed to accomplish particular adaptive goals |
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The coolidge effect |
- derived from popular anecdote concerning president coolidge and his wife - do the males reproduce with the same hen every time? no different one each time - males exhibit renewed sexual interest if introduced to a new sexual partner -males value physical attractiveness and good looking more than females- values ambition and good earning |
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Evolutionary explanation- male vs female |
Male strategy- spread genetic material, find young healthy fertile mate female strategy- protect genetic material- ensure offspring survives men- jealous of sexual infidelity women- jealous of emotional infidelity |
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Kendrick et al How smart do you think your partner is |
- with marriage, the higher they believed their intelligence was -females want to have sex with guys who are above avg intelligence, but males will have sex with women who are below average intelligence |
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Clark and Hattfiled |
- i've been noticing you around campus and i find you very attractive males- 60% whent back to bed, 75% of men agreed to have sex with her Females- 0% back to bed, 55% agree to go on date |
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Envy vs jealousy |
Envy- requires 2 ppl. you want something that somebody else has Jealousy- requires 3 ppl- you have a relationship with someone else, and somebody else comes in and is a threat to you and the other person |
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BUSS et al found EVERY TIME that... |
- women are bothered more by emotional infidelity and men are more bothered by sexual infidelity |
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exp 1 questionnaire |
exp 1 vividly imagine these scenarios which one makes you more mad exp2- physiological study electrodermal activity, pulse rate, exp 3- interaction between jealousy and context- Double shot hypothesis- men( sex leads to emotion), reverse double shot- women (women think emotion leads to sex |
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Schutzwohl and Koch |
cue embedded in story about infidelity - which would you remember more of, recall test a week later- males recalled more sexually related cues, females more emotionally related cues |
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Criticisms Social Cultural explanations |
-social cultural explanations eg. women have been deprived economically throughout history and across cultures -male preferences could be gender role socialization -evolutionary psychology is an after the fact explanation- going back now into past and see something now because of evo pressure back in the past |
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Gender differences |
- according to evolutionary theory- males think about and initiate sex more frequently - males are more interested in sex for it's own sake- want to maximize new genetic material |
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Young Male Syndrome |
- more aggressive than older males
-competition for scarce resources as a cause of male- male aggression -pattern comes out when there is threat of reproductive failure -single, unemployed men -Fatalities and homicides- age of offender spike at prime reproductive age - peaks at age 20-25 then decline all the way to old age |
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Evolutionary basis for violence against step children
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-7x greater rate of abuse
-100x greater rate of fatality -why? you don't have the genetic investment that you have in your biological children |
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Criticisms of Evolutionary Psych
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1. Not falsifiable- just so story 2. based upon adaptationism- dime can be used as a screw driver 3. maintains status quo in society- conservative purposes- things written into our genetic code 4. biological determinism 5. could be used for racist purposes 6. could be used for sexist purposes |
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Contributions of evolutionary psychology |
1. scientific framework to study human social behaviour 2. sociobiology has important heuristic value |
