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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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term used to define the age between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance |
Middle Ages |
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Another name of middle ages |
dark ages |
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Renaissance is the ____. |
rebirth |
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Early Arabs were polytheistic with a supreme god named: |
Allah |
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nomadic camel herders; move from place to place
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bedouins |
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beginning of islam |
desert region, not a lot of trade routes, merchants started going around war and conflict, through Arabia, commercial routes develop in Saudi Arabia, cities start to develop |
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becomes he commercial city |
Mecca |
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a pilgrimage in Mecca that contains the Black Stone sent down from heaven |
The Kabah |
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The Black Stone |
located inside the Kabah, has all different symbols of different gods and goddesses, its a meteorite "sent from Allah" |
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Early life of Muhammad |
Arabian, born in mecca in a family of aristocratic traders, orphaned and raised by uncle and grandfather, he becomes caravan driver, started to work for widow, marries widow (Cajah) and has 5 daughters |
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aristocratic traders |
quarish |
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The beginning of Islam faith, their year one |
Hegira (622 AD) |
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Medina |
city of the prophet |
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submission |
islam |
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"People of the Book" |
Muslims, Jews, and Christians |
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literally "self-exertion" of the struggle to lead a virtuous life |
Jihad |
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The compilation of the revelations sent by Allah to Muhammad; in arabic |
Quran/Koran |
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The "five pillars" of Islam |
Belief in Allah and Muhammad as his prophet Prayer 5 times a day Observance of Ramadan Pilgrimage to Mecca Alms to the poor |
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Common beliefs among christianity, jewish, and islamic faith
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strict monotheism emphasis on personal morality and compassion reliance on written, revealed scripture last judgment angels
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islamic church |
mosque |
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For the muslims this city is their second holiest below Mecca |
Jerusalem |
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jewish worship building |
synagogue |
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shrine located on the temple mount in the old city of Jerusalem (691) |
Dome of the Rock |
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Muhammad's father in law |
Abu-Bakr |
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deputy of the prophet |
caliph |
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Muhammad's son in law |
Ali |
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"party" or "faction" in iraq more radical from Ali |
Shiites |
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from uthman "religious custom" Majority of muslims |
Sunnites |
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Expansion of Muslims |
did not demand conversions searching for territory and riches weakness of their neighbors preferable to old rulers |
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Contributions of the Muslims
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Paper - from Chinese Arabic numerals, including "0" as well as algebra (India) Astronomy Medicine |
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in _______ they built an observatory and invented the astrolabe |
Baghdad` |
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wrote a medical encyclopedia that stressed the contagious nature of some diseases |
Ibn Sina |
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Mayor of the palace |
Pepin I |
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keeps muslims from pressed north into europe |
Charles "the Hammer" Martel - illegitimate son of Pepin I, controls the court |
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Son of Charles, Took the throne for himself with the help of the pope |
Pepin III ( the "short") |
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son of Pepin III, greatest of all the frankish rulers, christian king |
Charlemagne ("charles the great") |
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used to supervise local administration and justice |
count |
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in charge of raising an army within his designated territory and acting as its leader |
Duke |
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Crowned by Pope Leo III as the Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day 800 after a rebellion he settled; it was a surprise |
Charlemagne's Coronation |
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Carolingian Renaissance Educate monks and clergy |
useful labor to help |
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Carolingian Renaissance Established cathedral and monastic schools |
schools for boys girls usually learned to write in latin and greek |
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Carolingian Renaissance Correcting and copying texts |
scholars collected and recouped classical latin text to preserve them |
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The only surviving son of Charlemagne inherited the kingdom in 814 weak king when he dies, empire is divided into three |
Louis the Pious |
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Splits empire into three pieces given to three sons of louis the pious |
treaty of verdun |
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Charles the Bald |
eastern land
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Lothair |
"middle kingdom" as Holy Roman Empire and privilege of protection the pope in Rome |
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Louis the German |
western lands |
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Invasions of the 9th and 10th centuries |
Vikings, Islamic, and Magyar |
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biggest threat come in dragon ships that hold about 50 men most devastating - sacked villages and towns; destroyed churches, monasteries and armies |
Vikings |
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local aristocrats find was to protect themselves because it took awhile for kings army to arrive |
Feudalism |
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a contract in which something of value (usually land) was exchanged for service (usually military) |
fief |
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the one who gives the fief |
lord (distributes the land) |
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the one who receive the fief |
vassal (knight) |
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solemn act in which the vassal becomes " the man" of his lord |
Homage |
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an economic system that began because of the need of protection |
Manorialism |
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Advantages for the peasants |
large fields were more efficient smaller investment experiment with new crops and crop rotation more animals in a common pasture village life more attractive |
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advantages for lords |
greater profits control and exploit peasants easier larger share of produce many peasants became serfs |
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1/3 of 1/2 of the acreage that belonged to the lord and worked by peasants |
demesne land |
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tied to the land with feudal obligations |
serfs |
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serfs are not ____ but they are bound to the ___. |
1) slave 2) land |
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peasants in the manorial system were required to provide ______ |
labor services for their lord |
