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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Prototype
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A best example or best represenation of a category.
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Exemplar
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An actual memory of a specific object.
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Functional Fixedness
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Inability to use objects or tools in a new way.
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Belief perseverance
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The tendency to hold onto beliefs even in the face of contradictory evidence.
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Confirmation Bias
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Seeking information that confirms our choices and beliefs, while disconfirming evidence.
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Response Set
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Rigidity; tendency to respond in the most familiar way.
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Availability heirustic
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Judging the likelihood of an event based on what is available in your memory, assuming those easily remembered events are common.
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Representation heiristic
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Judging the likelihood of an event based on how well the events match your prototypes-what you think is representative of the category.
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Heuristic
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General Strategy used in attempting to solve problems
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Algorithm
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Step-by-step procedure for solving a problem; prescription for solutions
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What are the three metacognitive skills?
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1)Planning-what strategies to use/how much time to dedicate
2)Monitoring-"how am i doing" 3)Evaluation-making judgements about the process and outcomes |
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self-regulatory knowledge
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ensures the completion of the task-knowing "how" "when" "why"
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Expository Teaching
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Ausubel's method-teachers present material in complete, organized form, moving from broadest to more specific...stresses meaningful verbal learning..begins with an advance organizer:intor statement broad enough to cover all information that wll follow..present material in terms of similarities and differences using specific examples
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Deductive reasoning
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General/broad-specific
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Discovery Learning
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learner draws on his/her past experiences and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationships and new truths to be learned..Bruner
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Inductive reasoning
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Specific to general
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