Chapter 7 - The American Revolution

Front 1

American Revolution

Back 1

The struggle of the colonies in North America to gain their independence from Great Britain.

Front 2

Continental army

Back 2

The American army during the revolution.

Front 3

strategy

Back 3

An overall plan, such as for winning a war.

Front 4

ally

Back 4

A nation that joins another nation in some common effort such as fighting a war.

Front 5

democracy

Back 5

A system of government in which the power to govern belongs to the people.

Front 6

rebellion

Back 6

A violent attempt to resist or overthrow the government or another authority.

Front 7

issue

Back 7

To supply or make available.

Front 8

crucial

Back 8

Very important or necessary.

Front 9

What were the strengths of the Continental Army?

Back 9

Patriotism Leadership Help from France

Front 10

What were the weaknesses of the Continental Army?

Back 10

Short of men and supplies Poorly trained

Front 11

What were the strengths of the British Army?

Back 11

Large number of troops Well trained Well supplied

Front 12

What were the weaknesses of the British Army?

Back 12

Poor leadership Distance

Front 13

Why did many of the British people not support the war?

Back 13

Heavy cost

Front 14

Why did Washington begin the war without African Americans in his army?

Back 14

He didn't want it to be a haven for runaway slaves.

Front 15

Why did Washington eventually change his mind and allow African Americans in his army?

Back 15

He needed the men.

Front 16

Why did thousands of African Americans join the British army?

Back 16

Promises of freedom.

Front 17

Why did African Americans join the Continental Army?

Back 17

They hoped independence would lead to an end of slavery.

Front 18

What was a positive outcome for African Americans after the war?

Back 18

Some states had taken steps to end slavery.

Front 19

What caused the Americans to lose to the British in Brooklyn on August 27, 1776?

Back 19

Inexperience and loss of troops.

Front 20

Who wrote The Crisis?

Back 20

Thomas Paine

Front 21

What message was The Crisis trying to get across to soldiers?

Back 21

Don't leave when the going gets tough.

Front 22

Who were the Hessians?

Back 22

Hired German soldiers.

Front 23

What was a result of the American's victory at Trenton?

Back 23

The British realized the colonists had some "fight" in them. The Patriots were "electrified" and believed they could defeat the British.

Front 24

What was the military strategy of both sides at the beginning of the war?

Back 24

Defeat the enemy in one big battle.

Front 25

Washington revised his plan to do what?

Back 25

Fight a defensive war and tire the British out.

Front 26

Lord George Germain also revised his plan to what?

Back 26

Take control of he Hudson River Valley which would cut off New England from the rest of the states. Men and supplies would be kept from the Continental Army.

Front 27

How did General Burgoyne carry out his plan?

Back 27

He left Canada with 8000 troops headed for Albany where he would meet Howe who would come up from New York.

Front 28

What were the two big problems with Burgoyne's plan?

Back 28

Unfamiliar territory and Howe went to Philadelphia.

Front 29

Who won the Battle at Saratoga Springs on the Hudson River?

Back 29

The Patriots

Front 30

Which nations became allies of the Americans after the victory at Saratoga?

Back 30

France and Spain

Front 31

After struggling in the North, why did the British move the war to the South?

Back 31

They believed Loyalists were waiting in the South to join their cause.

Front 32

What are Guerrilla soldiers?

Back 32

Soldiers who aren't part of a regular army.

Front 33

What tactics did Guerrilla soldiers use against the British?

Back 33

Hit and run - attack and then fade into the swamps and forests.

Front 34

What three groups surrounded the British troops at Yorktown?

Back 34

The Americans The French on land The French at sea

Front 35

What was one part of the Treaty of Paris which was signed in 1783 ending the war?

Back 35

Great Britain would recognize the US as an independent nation.

Front 36

What was another part of the Treaty of Paris which was signed in 1783 ending the war?

Back 36

Great Britain would give up claims to all lands between the Atlantic coast and the Mississippi from the border of Canada to Florida.

Front 37

What was the last part of the Treaty of Paris which was signed in 1783 ending the war?

Back 37

The US agreed to return all rights and property taken from the Loyalists during the war.

Front 38

Why did many Loyalists not trust the treaty's promise?

Back 38

They had been treated poorly by the Patriots during the war.

Front 39

What was the impact of the American Revolution in Europe?

Back 39

It thrilled liberals who were dreaming of creating democracies, especially in France.

Front 40

What was the impact of the American Revolution in South America?

Back 40

It inspired revolts against European rule in South America.