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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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volcano |
An opening in the surface of the earth through which molten rock, gases, and rock fragments are forced out. |
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plebeian |
a common farmer, trader, or craft worker in ancient Rome
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patrician |
a member of the noble families who controlled all power in the early years of the Roman Republic |
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republic
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a form of government in which citizens elect representatives to speak or act for them
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representative |
A person who is elected by citizens to speak or act for them |
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Senate |
the lawmaking body and most powerful branch of government in ancient Rome's republic |
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tribune |
an elected leader of ancient Rome who represented the interests of the plebeians |
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consul |
one of two elected officials of the Roman Republic who commanded the army and was a supreme judge |
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Twelve Tables |
the earliest written collection of Roman laws, drawn up by patricians about 450 B.C., that became the foundation of Roman law |
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Livy |
a Roman historian |
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Hannibal |
247?-183? B.C. Carthaginian general in the Second Punic War |
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Scipio Africanus |
234?-183? B.C. Roman general who defeated Hannibal |
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civil war |
an armed conflict between groups within a country |
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dictator |
a ruler who has absolute power |
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Pax Romana |
a period of peace for the Roman Empire that began with the rule of Augustus in about 27 B.C. and lasted around 200 years |
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gladiator |
a roman athlete, usually a slave, criminal, or prisoner of war, who was forced to fight for the entertainment of the public |
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census |
a periodic count of all the people living in a country, city, or other region |
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Augustus |
63 B.C. - a.d. 14 First Roman emperor; established the Pax Romana |
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Julius Caesar |
100-44 b.c. Roman general who became the republic's dictator in 45 B.C |
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Pompey |
106-48 b.c. Roman Politician and general; enemy of Julius Caesar |
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Cleopatra |
69-30 b.c. Egyptian queen who supported Julius Caesar in the Civil War in Rome |
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New Testament |
The second part of the Christian Bible, containing descriptions of the life and teachings of Jesus and of his early followers |
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Messiah |
A special leader the Jewish people believe will be sent by God to guide them and set up God's rule on Earth. Christians believe Jesus to be the Messiah |
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Christianity |
a religion based on the teachings of Jesus, as recorded in the New Testament |
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parable |
a simple story that contains a message of truth |
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apostle |
one of the 12 closest followers of Jesus, chosen by him to help him teach |
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crucifixion |
execution on a cross |
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bishop |
a church official who leads a large group of Christians in a particular religion |
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pope |
the bishop, or church leader, of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church |
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Jesus |
4? B.C. - Ad 29? Jewish religious leader whose teachings became the foundation of Christianity |
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Peter |
A.D 5? - 67? One of the 12 apostles of Jesus |
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Paul |
A.d 11?-67? Follower of Jesus who helped spread Christianity throughout the Roman world |
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Constantine |
A.D 280-337 Roman emperor; chose Constantinople as new Roman capital; encouraged Christianity |
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Punic War |
A conflict between Rome and Carthage in the 200s B.C., ending in a victory for Rome |
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persecution |
A policy of arresting, injuring, or killing members of a religious or ethnic group. |
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Eastern Orthodox Christianity |
A branch of Christianity that developed in the Byzantine Empire and that does not recognize the pope as a supreme leader |
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Justinian Code |
A code of law that standardized laws in the Byzantine Empire and dealt with marriage, property rights, slavery, crime, and women's rights |
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Diocletian |
A.D. 245-313 Roman emperor who divided the empire in two |
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Justinian |
ruled from 527 to 565 tried to unify the Byzantine Empire by allowing only certain types of Christian beliefs. |
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Theodora |
A.D c. 500-548 Byzantine empress; wife of Justinian |
