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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
spermatozoa
"sperm animals"
acrosome
acrosomal vesicle, from golgi apparatus, contains enzymes that digest protein and complex sugars
globular actin molecule
ex sea urchins, between nucleus and acrosome, acrosomal process
acrosomal process
ex sea urchins, recognition between sperm and egg
flagellum
enables sperm to travel long distances (ascaris though: amoeboid motion of lamellipodial ext)
axoneme
-major motor portion of sperm
-microtubules fr centriole at the base of sperm nucleus
-tubulin, microtubules
dynein
hydrolyzes ATP=released chemical energy->mechanical energy that propels sperm
Kartagener triad
lacks dynein in all ciliated/flagellated cells=sterile, bronchial infections,heart on right side
H1
folds chromatin in tight clusters; stabilizes flagellar microtubules so don't dissociate
9+2 microtubule arrangement
2 in the center, 9 surrounding->transmitting energy for movt
capacitation
set of physiological changes by which the sperm becomes competent to fertilize the egg
ovum
mature egg; material for growth and devt stored
oocyte
what egg is called until it reaches stage of meiosis at w/c it is fertilized
cortical granules
membrane bound structures homologous to acrosomal vesicle of the sperm, golgi derived organelles containing proteolytic enzymes (but more when sperm only has 1)+ mucopolysaccharides, adhesives glycoproteins and hyalin protein
enzymes+mucopolysaccharides
prevent any additional sperm from entering the egg after the first sperm has entered
adhesive glycoproteins+hyalin proteins
surround the early embryo and provide support for the cleavage-stage blastomeres
egg jelly
located outside the vitelline envelope, attract or activate sperm
chemotaxis
following a chemical gradient as in a chemical secreted by the egg
resact
chemotactic protein in sea urchin Arbacia punctulata
-also sperm activating peptide
sperm activating peptide
-cause dramatic and immediate increases