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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
spermatozoa
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"sperm animals"
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acrosome
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acrosomal vesicle, from golgi apparatus, contains enzymes that digest protein and complex sugars
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globular actin molecule
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ex sea urchins, between nucleus and acrosome, acrosomal process
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acrosomal process
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ex sea urchins, recognition between sperm and egg
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flagellum
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enables sperm to travel long distances (ascaris though: amoeboid motion of lamellipodial ext)
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axoneme
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-major motor portion of sperm
-microtubules fr centriole at the base of sperm nucleus -tubulin, microtubules |
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dynein
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hydrolyzes ATP=released chemical energy->mechanical energy that propels sperm
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Kartagener triad
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lacks dynein in all ciliated/flagellated cells=sterile, bronchial infections,heart on right side
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H1
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folds chromatin in tight clusters; stabilizes flagellar microtubules so don't dissociate
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9+2 microtubule arrangement
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2 in the center, 9 surrounding->transmitting energy for movt
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capacitation
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set of physiological changes by which the sperm becomes competent to fertilize the egg
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ovum
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mature egg; material for growth and devt stored
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oocyte
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what egg is called until it reaches stage of meiosis at w/c it is fertilized
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cortical granules
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membrane bound structures homologous to acrosomal vesicle of the sperm, golgi derived organelles containing proteolytic enzymes (but more when sperm only has 1)+ mucopolysaccharides, adhesives glycoproteins and hyalin protein
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enzymes+mucopolysaccharides
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prevent any additional sperm from entering the egg after the first sperm has entered
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adhesive glycoproteins+hyalin proteins
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surround the early embryo and provide support for the cleavage-stage blastomeres
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egg jelly
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located outside the vitelline envelope, attract or activate sperm
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chemotaxis
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following a chemical gradient as in a chemical secreted by the egg
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resact
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chemotactic protein in sea urchin Arbacia punctulata
-also sperm activating peptide |
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sperm activating peptide
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-cause dramatic and immediate increases
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