Chapter 7: Dermatology

Front 1

Functions of Dermatology

Back 1

Waterproof body

Prevent fluid loss

Skin is receptor for sense of touch, heat, cold

Skins helps synthesize Vit D while screening out harmful ultraviolet radiation

Front 2

Integumentary System consists of

Back 2

Sebaceous glands, sudoriferous glands

Skins

Hair

nails

Front 3

prevents body fluids from evaporating and atmospheric moisture from entering

Back 3

Keratin

Front 4

Contains keratin

No blood/nerve supply; contains melanocytes

Back 4

Epidermis

Front 5

Connective tissue layer containing blood & lymphatic vessels, nerves & nerve endings, gland and hair follicles
- Collagen, mast cells, heparin, histamine

Back 5

Dermis (corium)

Front 6

Connects skin to surface muscles
- Adipose tissue, cellulite, lipocytes
Acts as cushion to internal organs and bones

Thickness varies according to individual

Back 6

Subcutaneous layer

Front 7

Oil-secreting glands

Covering entire body except soles of feet/palms

Sebum’s acidic nature destroys harmful organisms on skin surface

Back 7

Sebaceous (seb/o)

Front 8

Open as pores on surface of skin in palms, soles, forehead, armpits

Function: cool body by evaporation

Excrete waste products; moisten surface cells

Perspiration, hidrosis

Back 8

Sudoriferous (hidr/o)

Front 9

visible part of hair

Back 9

Hair shaft

Front 10

embedded in dermis

Back 10

Hair root

Front 11

root and coverings

Back 11

Hair follicle

Front 12

Composed of compressed, keratinized cells

Back 12

Hair

Front 13

moon part on nail

Back 13

Lunula

Front 14

Plants, animals, dust, chemicals, drugs, etc

Back 14

Allergens

Front 15

Histamine causes redness, edema, irritation and itching to specific area

Back 15

Local reaction (Allergic)

Front 16

When allergens are inhaled, ingested or injected causing symptoms to several body organs

Hives appear

Back 16

Systemic reaction (Allergic)

Front 17

Severe systemic reaction causing respiratory distress, hypotension and shock – may be fatal

Back 17

Anaphylaxis

Front 18

Blood seeps into surrounding tissues

Back 18

Extraversion

Front 19

Small, pinpoint hemorrhages resulting from ruptured capillaries

Back 19

Petechiae

Front 20

caused when blood vessels are damaged or broken as the result of a blow to the skin

Back 20

Contusion

Front 21

A purplish, flat bruise that occurs when blood leaks out into the top layers of skin

Back 21

Ecchymosis

Front 22

Blood clot

Back 22

Hematoma

Front 23

Initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue

Back 23

Primary Lesions

Front 24

Changes that take place in primary lesions due to infection, scratching, trauma or various stages of disease

Back 24

Secondary Lesions

Front 25

a small solid raised lesion that is less than 0.5cm in diameter

Back 25

Papule

Front 26

a flat discolored lesion that is less than 1cm in diameter

Back 26

macule

Front 27

a flaking or dry patch made up of excess dead epidermal cells

Back 27

scale

Front 28

a solid raised lesion that is greater than 0.5cm in diameter

Back 28

plaque

Front 29

a flat discolored lesion that is greater than 1cm in diameter

Back 29

patch

Front 30

a collection of dried serum and cellular debris

Back 30

crust

Front 31

a smooth, slightly elevated swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin.

Usually accompanied by itching

Back 31

wheal

Front 32

a closed sack or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

Back 32

cyst

Front 33

a circumscribed elevation of skin containing fluid that is less than 0.5cm in diameter

Back 33

vesicle

Front 34

a small circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus

Back 34

pustule

Front 35

a large vesicle that is more than 0.5cm in diameter

Back 35

bulla

Front 36

an open sore or erosion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting in tissue loss

Back 36

ulcer

Front 37

a groove or crack-like sore of the skin

Back 37

fissure

Front 38

a tumor (abnormal growth of tissue cells)

Back 38

Neoplasm

Front 39

an itch

Back 39

Pruritus

Front 40

dry skin

Back 40

Xeroderma

Front 41

appearance of a blue or purple coloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface being low on oxygen

Back 41

Cyanosis

Front 42

redness of the skin caused by hyperemia (increase blood flow) of capillaries

Back 42

Erythema

Front 43

pale color skin

Back 43

Pallor

Front 44

an infestation of lice

Back 44

pediculosis

Front 45

raised, often itchy, red welts on the surface of the skin

Also known as hives

Back 45

Urticaria

Front 46

A condition in which two or more of the fingers or toes are joined together.

Back 46

syndactyly

Front 47

premature death of cells and living tissue

Back 47

Necrosis

Front 48

known as birthmarks and moles

Back 48

Nevus

Front 49

a yellowish pigmentation of the skin

associated with liver failure

Back 49

Jaundice

Front 50

Absence of pigmentation in skin, hair and eyes

Back 50

Albinism

Front 51

Brownish spots on face

Usually occurs during pregnancy and then goes away

Back 51

Chloasma

Front 52

Loss of melonocytes resulting in whitish areas of skin

Can effect any area

Back 52

Vitiligo

Front 53

degree of burn

Superficial but causes erythema

hyperesthesia (sensitive)

Back 53

First-degree burn

Front 54

degree of burn

Partial thickness

Vesicles or bullae appear

Back 54

Second-degree burn

Front 55

degree of burn

Full thickness

Damage to subcutaneous layers

Scarring occurs

Back 55

Third-degree burn

Front 56

Soft red fibrous connective tissue that occurs after regular wound healing

Keloid

Back 56

Cicatrix

Front 57

Firm, abnormally large scar that is bigger than original injury

Will not fade or decrease in size with time

Back 57

Keloid

Front 58

skin infection caused by a fungus

known as ringworm

Back 58

Tinea

Front 59

known as pressure ulcers

bedsores

Back 59

Decubitus Ulcer

Front 60

cause the skin to become inflamed or irritated

Back 60

Eczema

Front 61

painful, blistering skin rash due to the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox

Back 61

Shingles

Front 62

common skin infection

pus spots on skin

typically with children

Back 62

Impetigo

Front 63

an abnormal buildup of blood vessels in the skin or internal organs

raised tumor with blood vessels

Back 63

Hemangioma

Front 64

Associated with Hemangioma

a birthmark in which swollen blood vessels create a reddish-purplish discoloration of the skin

Back 64

Port Wine Stain

Front 65

a skin infection that often involves a group of hair follicles.

Back 65

Carbuncle

Front 66

a chronic skin condition involving inflammation of the cheeks, nose, chin, forehead, or eyelids

Back 66

Rosacea

Front 67

a common skin condition that causes skin redness and irritation.

have thick, red skin with flaky, silver-white patches called scales

Back 67

Psoriasis

Front 68

an inflammation of the skin caused by direct contact with an irritating substance

Back 68

Contact Dermatitis

Front 69

“bulbous nose”
Hyperplasis of nose tissue
Assoc w/ advanced rosacea

Back 69

Rhinophyma

Front 70

Autoimmune disorder

connective tissue becomes thick/hard, causing skin to swell

Can affect joints or internal organs

Back 70

Slceroderma

Front 71

The limited symptoms of scleroderma are referred to as
this five letter word

Back 71

CREST

Front 72

calcium deposits in the skin

Back 72

Calcinosis (CREST)

Front 73

spasm of blood vessels in response to cold or stress

Back 73

Raynaud's phenomenon (CREST)

Front 74

acid reflux and decrease in motility of esophagus

Back 74

Esophageal dysfunction (CREST)

Front 75

thickening and tightening of the skin on the fingers and hands

Back 75

Sclerodactyly (CREST)

Front 76

dilation of capillaries causing red marks on surface of skin

Back 76

Telangiectasias (CREST)

Front 77

Tissue necrosis as result of loss of circulation

Back 77

Gangrene

Front 78

decomposition

Decay; odoriferous

Back 78

Putrefaction

Front 79

“flesh eating bacteria”

Strep enters wound to cause serious infection

Back 79

Necrotizing fascitis

Front 80

Acute connective tissue infection
- Malaise
- Swelling
- Warmth
- Red streaks

Back 80

Cellulitis

Front 81

pathology disorder of sebaceous gland

facial blemishes

Back 81

Acne vulgaris

Front 82

pathology disorder of sebaceous gland

blackhead

Back 82

Comedo

Front 83

pathology disorder of sebaceous gland

Overproduction of sebum (oil in hair)

Back 83

Seborrhea

Front 84

pathology disorder of sweat gland

Lacking sweat

Back 84

Anhidrosis

Front 85

pathology disorder of sweat gland

Excessive sweat

Back 85

Hyperhidrosis

Front 86

pathology disorder of sweat gland

Profuse sweat produced freely without exertion

Back 86

Diaphoresis

Front 87

pathology disorder of hair

Abnormal hairiness in women

Back 87

Hirsutism

Front 88

pathology disorder of hair

Baldness; partial or complete

Back 88

Alopecia

Front 89

pathology disorder of nail

Ingrown toenail

Back 89

Onychocryptosis

Front 90

pathology disorder of nail

Fungal infection of nail

Back 90

Onychomycosis

Front 91

pathology disorder of nail

Biting of nail

Back 91

Onychophagia

Front 92

using your own skin for a graft

Back 92

autograft

Front 93

using a donated skin for a graft

Back 93

allograft

Front 94

using pig skin for a graft

Back 94

xenograft

Front 95

burning part of body in an attempt to close off vessel (stop bleeding) or prevent further tissue damage by destroying tissue

Back 95

cauterization