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112 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
aort/o
aorta
ather/o
fatty substance, plaque
atri/o
atrium
cardi/o
heart
isch/o
to keep back
steth/o
chest
thromb/o
clot
valv/o
valve
valvul/o
valve
vascul/o
blood vessel
vas/o
blood vessel
cutane/o
skin
electr/o
electrcity
esophag/o
esophagus
my/o
muscle
pulmon/o
lung
son/o
sound
sphygm/o
pulse
-ac
pertaining to
-al
pertaining to
-ar
pertaining to
-ary
pertaining to
-dynia
pain
-eal
pertaining to
-ectomy
surgical removal
-emia
blood condition
-genic
producing
-gram
record
-graphy
process of recording
-ia
condition
-ic
pertaining to
-ism
condition
-itis
inflamation
-logist
one who studies
-logy
study of
-lysis
destruction
-lytic
destruction
-manometer
instrument to measure pressure
-megaly
enlarged
-ole
small
-oma
tumor
-ose
pertaining to
-osis
abnormal condition
-otomy
cutting into
-ous
pertaining to
-pathy
disease
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhaphy
suture
-rrhexis
rupture
-sclerosis
hardening
-scope
instrument for viewing
-spasm
involuntary muscle contraction
-stenosis
narrowing
-tic
pertaining to
-ule
small
a-
without
brady-
slow
endo-
within
hyper-
excessive
hypo-
insufficient
inter-
between
intra-
within
per-
through
peri-
around
poly-
many
tachy-
fast
trans-
across
ultra-
excess
aneurysm
Localized widening of artery due to weakness in arterial wall; may develop in any artery, but common sites are abdominal aorta and cerebral arteries
angina pectoris
Severe chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia
arrhythmia
irregular heart beat
auscultation
Listening to sound within body, such as heart or lungs, by using stethoscope
bacterial endocarditis
Inflammation of inner lining of heart (the endocardium) cuased by bacteria, may result in visible accumulation of bacteria called vegetation
blood pressure (BP)
Measurement of pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel
bradycardia
Abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute (bpm)
cardiac arrest
Complete stoppage of all heart activity, both electrical signals and muscle contractions
cardiac catheterization
Passage of thin tube (catheter) through veins or arteries leading into heart; used to detect heart abnormalities, to collect cardiac blood samples, and to determine pressure within heart.
cardiac enzymes
Complex proteins released by heart muscle when it is damaged; taken by blood sample to determine amount of heart disease or damage; most common cardiac enzymes are creatine kinase (CK), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
cardiopulminary resuscitation (CPR)
Applying external compressions to rib cage in order to maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of lungs during cardiac and respiratory arrest
congenital septal defect (CSD)
Birth defect in wall separating two chambers of heart allowing blood to pass between two chambers; there can be atrial septal defect (ASD) or ventricular septal defect (VSD)
congestive heart failure (CHF)
Condition that develops when heart muscle is not able to pump blood forcefully enough, reducing blood flow to body; results in weakness, dyspnea, and edema
coronary artery bypass graft
Open-heart surgery in which blood vessel, often leg vein, is grafted to route blood around occluded coronary artery
coronary artery disease (CAD)
Chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or artherosclerosis of coronary arteries; also called arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD)
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Formation of blood clots in deep veins; usually occurs in legs; pieces of clot may break away forming emboli
defibrillation
Using instrument called defibrilator to give electrical shock to heart for purpose of converting arrhythmia back to normal heart beat; also called cardioversion
Doppler ultrasonography
Imaging technique using ultrasound to create moving image; utilized to evaluate blood flow through blood vessels, movement of heart valves, and movement of heart muscle during contraction
electrocardiography
Diagnostic procedure that records electrical activity of heart; used to diagnose damage to heart tissue from coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction
endarterectomy
Surgical removal of inner lining of artery in order to remove plaques
fibrillation
Abnormal quivering or contractions of heart fibers; occurrence within fibers of entricle of heart result in cardiac arrest and death; emergency equipment to defibrillate, or convert heart to normal beat, is necessary
heart murmur
Abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing sound or harsh click; they may be soft and heard only with stethoscope or so loud they can be heard several feet away
heart transplantation
Replacement of diseased or malfunctioning heart with donor's heart
heart valve prolapse
Cusps or flaps of heart valve are too loose and fail to shut tightly, allowing blood to flow backwards (regurgitation) through valve when heart chamber contracts; most commonly occurs in mitral valve, but may affect any heart valve
heart valve stenosis
Cusps or flaps of heart vavle are too stiff and unable to open fully, making it difficult for blood to flow through; condition may affect any of heart valves but most often affects mitral valve
Holter monitor
Potable ECG monitor worn by patient for period of few hours to few days to assess heart and pulse activity as person goes through activities of daily living; used to assess patient who experiences chest pain and unusual heart activity during exercise and normal activities
hypertension (HTN)
Blood pressure above normal range; usually systolic pressure above 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg
hypotension
Decrease in blood pressure; can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia, or as death approaches
implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
Electrical device implanted in chest cavity with electrodes to heart; applies shock to heart to stop potentially life-threatening arrhythmias such as fibrillation
infarct
Area of tissue necrosis that develops from ischemia
intravascular thrombolytic
Threatment for clots occluding blood vessel; drugs, such as streptokinase (SK) or tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), are injected into blood vessels to chemically dissolve clots; commonly referred to as clot-busters
myocardial infarction (MI)
Infarct of heart muscle caused by occlusion of one or more of coronary arteries; symptoms include angina pectoris and shortness of breath; also referred to as heart attack
myocardial ischemia
Loss of blood supply to heart muscle tissue of myocardium due to occlusion of coronary arter; may cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction
occlusion
Blockage of blood vessel or other hollow structure; may be caused by thrombus, plaque, or embolus
pacemaker
Electrical device that artificially stimulates contraction of heart muscle; treatment for bradycardia
percutaneous transluminal coronary angiolplasty (PTCA)
Method for treating coronary artery narrowing; balloon catheter is inserted into coronary artery and inflated to dilate narrow blood vessel
peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
Disease of blood vessels away from central region of body, most typically in legs; symptoms include pain, numbness, and impaired circulation
sphygmomanometer
Instrument for measuring blood pressure; also referred to as blood pressure cuff
stent
Stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel or duct to widen lumen; may be placed in coronary artery to treat myocardial ischemia due to atherosclerosis
stress test
Method for evaluting cardiovascular fitness; patient is placed on treadmill or a bicycle and then subjected to steadily increasing levels of work; EKG and oxygen levels are taken while patient exercises,; test is stopped if abnormalitites occur on EKG
tachycardia
Abnormally fast heart rate more than 100 beats per minute (BPM)
transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
Specialized echocardiography procedure in which patient swallows ultrasound head in order to better visualize internal cardiac structures, especially cardiac valves
varicose veins
Swollen and distended veins, most commonly in legs
venipuncture
Puncture into vein to withdraw blood or inject medication or fluids