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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which metabolic pathway begins anaerobic and aerobic respiration? |
glycolysis |
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how many molecules of CO2 are produced for each molecule of acetyl in the krebs cycle? |
2 |
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In the cellular respiration reaction, what happens to oxygen? |
Becomes reduced |
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the transfer of a terminal phosphate to another molecule is known as? |
phosphorylation |
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What are the products of glycolysis? |
a net of 2 ATP molecules 2 Pyruvic acids 2 NADH |
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What changes occur when the electrons flow along the transport chains of mitochondria? |
pH level increases |
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Which macromolecule can produce the most ATP per gram? |
Fats/lipids |
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How can fats and proteins be used as fuel in the cell? |
converted into intermediates of glycolysis or krebs bc they are sugars |
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where do the following reactions occur in the cell: Krebs Cycle ATP Synthesis Fermentation Glycolysis Substrate-level phosphorylation |
Krebs- mitochondria ATP- mitochondria Fermentation- cytoplasm Glycolysis- cytoplasm Substrate level- both |
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why is glycolysis considered the first metabolic pathway to evolve? |
located in cytoplasm and does not involve oxygen also universal |
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why does the FADH2 molecule yield less ATP than NADH? |
FADH2 is transported to the molecules later down the chain |
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What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration? What does it ultimately produce? |
acts as final electron acceptor water |
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what are the main products of the citric acid cycle? |
6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP, CO2 |
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What is cellular respiration? Anaerobic or aerobic? Exergonic or endogonic? |
Process that releases chemical energy for the use by the cell; aerobic (oxygen to produce it); exergonic (less energy created for the cell than what you began with) |
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what is substrate level phosphorylation? |
The energy source for facultative anaerobes (living organism that can produce something but not energy; energy source is alcohol or lactic acids instead of oxygen) under anaerobic conditions |
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what is oxidative phosphorylation? |
Production of ATP using energy derived from redox reactions of an electron transport chain |
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What three parts make up the ATP molecule? What is ATP? |
Adenosine- ribose and adenine (5 carbon sugar); 3 phosphatesATP- adenosine triphosphate; energy |
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what occurs in the ETC? |
NADH & FADH2 pass electrons to the ETC where they combine with hydrogen & oxygen to form water & released energy is used to form ATP by oxidative phosphorylation |
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What is meant by catabolic? What is its two pathways? What do they do? |
Catabolic- pathways release energy stored in organic molecules (downward)Two Distinctive pathways- glycolysis & respirationCapture chemical energy in glucose and other fuels and store it as ATP |
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What is the metabolic function of fermentation? |
Oxidizes NADH to NAD so that glycolysis can continue in the absence of oxygen |
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What is fermentation? Is it aerobic or anaerobic? How much ATP is generated by fermentation? |
Process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol; anaerobic; 4 ATP (2% of the molecules energy); occurs during glycolysis |
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in the conversion of glucose and oxygen, to CO2 and water, which molecule is reduced and which is oxidized? |
Oxygen is reduced, glucose is oxidized |
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In the oxidation of glucose, what coenzyme functions as an electron acceptor? |
NAD becomes NADH bc it is an electron acceptor |
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What is an electron transport chain? What occurs in the ETC? |
Series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions and transfers hydrogens across the membrane It’s where NADH passes electrons to the ETC where water is formed & energy is used to form ATP |
