Chapter 7 And 19

Front 1

Photoautotrophs

Back 1

Perform photosynthesis; use light energy to make carbon compounds.

Front 2

Chemoautotrophs

Back 2

Perform chemosynthesis; Uses chemical energy to make carbon compounds.

Front 3

Chemoheterotrophs

Back 3

Use organic molecules for both energy and a carbon source.

Front 4

Photoheterotrophs

Back 4

Use sunlight for energy, but consume organic compounds as a compound source.

Front 5

Binary fission

Back 5

Asexual reproduction in which the cell replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells.

Front 6

Conjugation

Back 6

A connecting pills forms between 2 cells and genes move from cell to cell. Creates genetic diversity.

Front 7

Endospore

Back 7

Thick internal wall that encloses the DNA and some of the cytoplasm. Helps bacteria to survive harsh for many months.

Front 8

Eubacteria

Back 8

More abundant kind if bacteria. Mostly heterotrophs. Live in water, land, and animals. Has 2 cell membranes.

Front 9

Archaebacteria

Back 9

Have different lipids in cell membrane. Found in harsh, hot salty environments. Acidic hot springs, volcanic vents. Thick mud.

Front 10

Methanogens

Back 10

Anaerobic environments. Get energy by changing H2 into CO2 into methane gas (CH4). Swamps, sewage, digestive tracts.

Front 11

Difference between Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

Back 11

Archaebacteria lack peptidoglycan. Gram stain will be dark if peptidoglycan is present.

Front 12

How to identify prokaryotes

Back 12

Shape, cell wall composition, movement, obtaining energy.

Front 13

Endomembrane system

Back 13

Nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes,vacuoles, plasma membrane.

Front 14

Inner membrane of mitochondria

Back 14

Folds up and where chemical reactions take place.

Front 15

Peripheral proteins

Back 15

Bound to the surface of the membrane

Front 16

Integral proteins

Back 16

Penetrate hydrophobic core

Front 17

Transmembrane protein

Back 17

Integral proteins that span the membrane

Front 18

Membrane protein function

Back 18

Transport, enzyme activity, signals, cell regulations, joining, attach to cytoskeleton.

Front 19

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Back 19

Contains various enzymes rhat detoxify, synthesize lipids, and metabolize carbohydrates

Front 20

Lysosomes

Back 20

Small organelles that contain enzymes that break down organic compounds and organelles that no longer work into energy. (Autophagy)

Front 21

Chromatin

Back 21

Genetic material made of DNA bound to protein.