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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Know what it means for reactions to be coupled (endergonic and exergonic) |
For every Endergonic reaction, there is an Exergonic reaction to go together. |
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What is the major energy currency of the cell? |
ATP |
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Be able to articulate what happens in ATP hydrolysis |
You take an ATP and water and you get ADP and a P and free energy. |
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Know the name of the reaction that creates ATP from ADP |
Phosphorylation, adding a phosphate to ADP to get ATP |
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Be able to describe what occurs in an oxidation/reduction reaction to electrons and Hydrogen ions. Be able to recognize which is occurring in a reaction. |
Reduction- is the gain of one or more electrons/hydrogens.Oxidation is the loss of one or more electrons/hydrogens. OIL RIG |
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Be able to write and recognize the formula for cellular respiration and photosynthesis and know in which oxidation is occurring and in which reduction is occurring. |
NAD becoming NADH (reduction)Cellular respiration is Oxidation because we lose H’s |
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Know the three major steps of cellular respiration |
1. Glycolysis 2. Citric Acid Cycle 3. Electron Transport Chain |
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Know where each step takes place |
Glycolysis- cytoplasm (inside the cell)Citric Acid Cycle- Mitochondrial MatrixInner Mitochondrial Membrane |
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Know which steps are oxidation/reduction reactions and which are oxidative phosphorylation. |
Oxidation happens when we make NADH or FADH |
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Know what happens in pyruvate oxidation occurs |
When Pyruvate (3C) becomes Acetyl CoA (2C), Release a CO2. |
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Be able to describe what products are created from this reaction |
CO2 and NADH gets made (releases). Oxidation reduction reaction. |
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Know the starting reactants of the citric acid cycle |
Acetyl CoA and Oxaloacetate |
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Know which steps create energy storage molecules (NADH, FADH2, ATP/GTP) |
NADH- 3, 4, & 8 FADH2- 6 ATP/GTP- 5 |
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Know which steps create CO2 |
Steps- 3&4 |
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Know why it is considered a cycle |
Our ending product starts the next cycle. |
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Know how NADH and FADH2 help establish the Hydrogen ion concentration gradient |
NADH and FADH2 donate their H and an electron to create ATP. |
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Know what role electrons play in the electron transport chain. |
Electrons open the protein channels so hydrogen can pass through. Electrons provide energy so that the channels can open. |
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Be able to describe how electrons power the production of ATP and know how many H+ are needed to make 1 ATP |
You have to have 3 H+ to make 1 ATP molecule. |
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Know where the water is generated from in ATP synthesis |
Water is created from the hydrogens as they cross back through the plasma membrane. |
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Know some factors that can affect how many ATP are generated by cellular respiration |
Organisms don’t always start with glucose and sometimes this process gets disrupted. |
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Know what it means that cellular respiration is aerobic respiration |
It requires oxygen to happen. (aer = air-oxygen) |
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Know what is means for respiration to anaerobic? |
You don’t have oxygen in the cells to do respiration. |
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What does fermentation means occurs chemically? |
What cells do when they don’t have oxygen. (anaerobic respiration) |
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Where does the lactic acid in lactic acid fermentation come from? |
Lactic acid made from pyruvate at the end of glycolysis. |
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What part of cellular respiration occur in lactic acid fermentation? |
ONLY GLYCOLYSIS. |
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How much energy is produced in one cycle of lactic acid fermentation? |
2 ATP |
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What products does alcohol fermentation create |
Creates Ethyl Alcohol (ethanol) |
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How can the rate of cellular respiration be regulated? |
Use enzymes. They’re either turned on or turned off. |
