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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition: medications used to relieve pain
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Analgesics
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What are the drugs of choice for moderate to severe pain
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Opioids
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How are Opioids classified
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Effectiveness
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What 2 categories are opiates placed in
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strong + moderate
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the standard against which the effectiveness of every other opioid is compared
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representative drug
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What opioid agonist is the representative drug used to treat severe pain
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morphine
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Drug action: suppress cough, slow GI motility, sedation, euphoria
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Morphine
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What is the most dangerous side effect of Opioid Agonists
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respiratory depression
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Codeine, Oxycodone, Propoxyphene are all common opioid agonists with ____effectiveness
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moderate
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Demerol, Dilaudid and Duramorph are all common opioid agonists with ___________ effectiveness
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high
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What 2 classes of drugs work synergistically to relieve pain
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opioids + non -narcotic analgesics
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What non -narcotic analgesic is used the most in combination with an opioid
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acetaminophen (Tylenol)
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What do Vicodin, Percocet and Darvocet all have in common
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combinations with acetaminophen
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Definition: substances that prevent the effects of opioid agonists
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opioid antagonists
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What analgesic category is used to treat an opioid overdose or respiratory depression
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Opioid Antagonist
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Naloxone (Narcan) is an opioid_________.
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antagonist
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What is the drug of choice in an acute opioid overdose
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Narcan
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What is important to remember when reversing the effects of opioids
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patient may experience rapid loss of analgesia and feel pain
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__________ inhibit cyclooxygenase.
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NSAIDS
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cyclooxygenase is an enzyme that inhibits ___________.
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Prostaglandins
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What is the drug of choice for mild -moderate pain
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NSAIDS
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A high dose of NSAIDS can increase the risk of what
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heart attack + stroke
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What is an adverse effect of NSAIDS
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GI bleeding/irritation
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What is a side effect of Celebrex
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Heart Attack
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Celecoxib (Celebrex)
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Selective COX -2 inhibitor
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Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and Naproxen Sodium (Aleve)
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Non Selective
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Why were many of the COX -2 inhibitors removed from the market
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Cardiovascular reasons
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What is the most common analgesic used for relief of slight -moderate pain
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Aspirin
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__________ inhibit platelet aggregation.
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aspirin
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What is a side effect of Aspirin
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GI bleeding
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What is the maximum Tylenol dosage in a day
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4 grams
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What are Ergot Alkaloids used for
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patients unresponsive to triptans
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Ergot Alkaloids are a pregnancy category___.
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X
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What is the action of headache medications
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vasoconstriction
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what drug class prevents migraines
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Beta Blockers
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Definition: group of neurotransmitters released from neurons in CNS
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endogenous opioids
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__________ opioids block the release of substance P in the spinal cord
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Endogenous
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