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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Periodic Law |
States that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties |
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Valence Electrons |
The electrons that are in the highest occupied principal energy level (n) |
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Core Electrons |
The electrons that are closer to the nucleus and less available for interaction with other atoms |
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Representative (main group) Elements |
Elements that have the s and p sub levels for a given principal energy level |
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Alkali Metals |
The elements in group 1 |
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Alkaline Earth Metals |
The elements in group 2 |
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Noble Gases |
The elements of group 18 |
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Halogens |
The elements of group 17 |
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Transition Metals |
The elements that are found in groups 3-12 |
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Lanthanides |
The 14 elements from cerium (58) to lutetium (71) |
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Actinides |
The 14 elements from thorium (90) to lawrencium (103) |
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Atomic Radius |
The distance from an atom's nucleus to the electrons in the outermost orbitals |
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Ion |
An atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge |
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Cation |
A positively charged ion |
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Anion |
A negatively charged ion |
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Ionization Energy |
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom |
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Electron Shielding |
When outer electrons are partially shielded or blocked from the attractive force of the protons in the nucleus by inner electrons |
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Isoelectronic |
Two atoms or ions with the same number of electrons and therefore the same electron configurations |
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Electron Affinity |
The mount of energy required for an electron to be added to a neutral atom in gas form |
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Electron Affinity |
The mount of energy required for an electron to be added to a neutral atom in gas form |
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Ionic Radius |
A measure of the size of an atom that is helpful in comparing the size of an ion to that of the parent atom |
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Electronegativity |
A measure of the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons when the atom is part of a compound |
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Electronegativity |
A measure of the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons when the atom is part of a compound |
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Metal |
An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity |
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Electronegativity |
A measure of the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons when the atom is part of a compound |
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Metal |
An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity |
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Nonmetal |
An element that is generally a poor conductor of heat and electricity |
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Metalloid (semiconductors) |
An element with properties that are intermediate between those of metals and no metals |
