Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
287 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Purpose of O.R.M.
|
To reduce mishaps and associated costs resulting in more efficient use of resources.
|
|
|
Proper application of ORM minimizes ___ to acceptable levels, commensurate with mission accomplishment.
|
risks
|
|
|
The objective of all UWSH operations is to provide a permanent repair without___the ship.
|
dry-docking
|
|
|
All UWSH repairs shall not follow strict Quality Assurance (QA) procedures to ensure underwater systems are properly repaired. TRUE/FALSE
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Many UWSH training requirements and qualifications are task specific. General training may be accomplished by:
|
1. Formalized instruction as in First or Second Class Dive School
2. NAVSEA-sponsored training, e.g., Sonar Dome Rubber Window (SDRW) Repair 3. On the Job Training (OJT) 4. Personnel Qualification Standards (PQS) |
|
|
A proper training program should result in permanent repairs meeting the same tolerances and QA requirements as if performed in dry-dock. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
No ascent training may be conducted unless fully qualified instructors are present, recompression chamber is available within 10 minutes, Diving Medical Technician is on station, and a Diving Medical Officer is able to provide immediate response to an accident. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
In a salvage or object-recovery operation, divers work to recover sunken or wrecked naval craft, submersibles, downed aircraft, human remains, or critical items of equipment to help determine the cause of a mishap. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Other than divers, what methods can be used in underwater search missions?
|
Sidescan sonar and ROV'S
|
|
|
Only ___ personnel may attempt to handle or dispose of underwater explosives.
|
E.O.D.
|
|
|
Duties to remove man-made structures such as barriers, sunken naval craft, and damaged piers. Blasting, freeing, flattening, or cutting with explosives define what type of diving operations?
|
Demolition missions or E.O.D. operations
|
|
|
What is the purpose of Combat Swimmer operations?
|
Reconnaissance and neutralization of enemy ships, shore-based installations, and personnel.
|
|
|
List the diving rigs used in enclosed space diving.
|
MK 20 MOD 0, MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37, or EXO BR MS
|
|
|
What are the general considerations that apply to every diving operation?
|
1.Bottom time
2.Preplanning 3.Equipment 4.Environmental conditions 5.Diver protection 6.Emergency assistance 7.Weather |
|
|
Concept of ORM
|
To minimize risk, increase operational effectiveness, and increase our ability to make informed decisions by providing the best baseline of knowledge and experience available.
|
|
|
What are the responsibilities of underwater construction missions?
|
Construction, inspection, repair, and removal of in-water facilities in support of military operations.
|
|
|
What are examples of in-water facilities?
|
Pipelines, cables, sensor systems, and fixed/advanced-base structures
|
|
|
Are Seabees trained and qualified to do underwater construction missions?
|
Yes
|
|
|
Specific tools and components for large ocean engineering projects are maintained in the OCEI. What does OCEI stand for?
|
Ocean Construction Equipment Inventory
|
|
|
References for underwater construction planning can be found in:
1. UCT Conventional Inspection and Repair Techniques Manual NAVFAC P‑990 2. Expedient Underwater Repair Techniques NAVFAC P-991 3. UCT Arctic Operations Manual NAVFAC P-992 4. Design and Installation of Nearshore Ocean Cable Protection Systems FPO‑1-78(3) |
Go back and read'um. Know them. Love them.
|
|
|
For more info on ocean construction commands contact NAVSEA or NAVFAC?
|
NAVFAC (oceans facilities program)
|
|
|
What are some spaces that divers may need to enter on a submarine?
|
Ballast tanks, mud tanks, or cofferdams, which may be in either a flooded or dry condition.
|
|
|
Give the definition of a hazard.
|
A condition with potential to cause personal injury or death, property damage, or mission degradation.
|
|
|
Give the definition of a risk.
|
An expression of possible loss in terms of severity and probability.
|
|
|
Define Risk Assessment
|
The process of detecting hazards and assessing associated risks.
|
|
|
Define ORM
|
The process of dealing with risk associated within military operations, which includes risk assessment, risk decision-making and implementation of effective risk controls.
|
|
|
List the five step process in ORM.
|
1.Identify hazards
2.Assess hazards 3.Make risk decisions 4.Implement controls 5.Supervise |
|
|
Information pertinent to the mission objective shall be collected, organized, and analyzed to determine what may affect successful accomplishment of the objective. This process aids in...
|
1. Planning for contingencies
2. Developing the dive plan 3. Selecting diving technique, equipment, and diver personnel 4. Identifying potential hazards and the need for any special emergency procedures |
|
|
The size of the operation, the diving site location, and the prevailing environmental conditions influence the extent and type of information that must be gathered when planning an operation.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
even for a standard operation, the ship may have been modified or special environmental conditions may exist, requiring a change in procedure or special tools. Potential changes in task requirements affecting work procedures should be overlooked during planning.TRUE/FALSE
|
False
|
|
|
When planning to salvage a sunken or stranded vessel, the diving team needs to know what very important info before beginning that mission?
|
The construction of the ship, the type and location of cargo, the type and location of fuel, the cause of the sinking or stranding, and the nature and degree of damage sustained.
|
|
|
Where can info be found on a ship's construction, the type and location of cargo, the type and location of fuel, the cause of the sinking or stranding, and the nature and degree of damage sustained.
|
Ship’s plans, cargo manifests and loading plans, interviews with witnesses and survivors, photographs, and official reports of similar accidents.
|
|
|
Operations involving the recovery of an object from the bottom require knowledge of the dimensions and weight of the object. Other useful information includes...
|
Floodable volume, established lifting points, construction material, length of time on the bottom, probable degree of embedment in mud or silt, and the nature and extent of damage.
|
|
|
What are some different types of lifts used when bringing an object off the bottom and to the surface?
|
boom, floating crane, lifting bags, pontoons
|
|
|
When the operation involves searching for an object or underwater site, data gathered in advance helps to limit the search area. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
To find all your planning resourses refer to figure....
|
6-5 Planning Data Sources
|
|
|
Information useful in narrowing the search area for a lost aircraft includes...
|
the aircraft’s last known heading, altitude, and speed; radar tracks plotted by ships and shore stations; tape recordings and radio transmissions; and eyewitness accounts
|
|
|
Once a general area is outlined, a ___ ___ sonar system can be used to locate the debris field, and an ROV can identify target items located by the ___ ___ sonar.
|
Side scan sonar
|
|
|
Once the object of the search has been found, the site should be marked, preferably with an...
|
acoustic transponder (pinger) and/or a buoy.
|
|
|
When an object is found on the bottom, its best to conduct preliminary dives by senior, experienced members of the team can be of great value in verifying, refining, and analyzing the data to improve the dive plan.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Data involving the following general categories shall be collected and analyzed for all diving operations...
|
1.Surface conditions
2.Underwater conditions 3.Equipment and personnel resources 4.Assisstance in emergencies |
|
|
Surface conditions effect the divers and ...
|
topside team members
|
|
|
For an extensive dive mission, a meteorological detachment may be requested from the local or regional meteorological support activity.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Normal conditions for the area of operations can be determined from published tide and current tables, sailing directions, notices to mariners, and
|
and special charts that show seasonal variations in temperature, wind, and ocean currents.
|
|
|
Weather reports and long-range weather forecasts shall be studied to determine if conditions will be acceptable for diving.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Weather reports don't need to be continually monitored while an operation is in progress.TRUE/FALSE
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Diving can be continued if sudden squalls, electrical storms, heavy seas, unusual tide or any other condition exists that, in the opinion of the Diving Supervisor, jeopardizes the safety of the divers or topside personnel.TRUE/FALSE
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Unless properly moored, a ship or boat drifts or swings around an anchor, fouling lines and dragging divers. Because of this, any vessel being used to support surface-supplied or tended diving operations shall be secured by at least a ___-point moor.
|
two-point moor
|
|
|
Exceptions to diving from a two-point moor may occur when moored alongside a ____ or another vessel that is properly anchored, or when a ship is performing diving during open ocean transits and cannot moor due to ____.
|
pier, depth
|
|
|
A three- or four-point moor, while more difficult to set, may be preferred depending on dive site ________.
|
conditions
|
|
|
Surface waves may become a serious problem when the diver ____ or ____ the water and during decompression stops near the surface.
|
enters or leaves the water
|
|
|
Tending personnel shall guard against...
|
1.Sunburn and windburn
2.Hypothermia and frostbite 3.Heat exhaustion |
|
|
(Tender safety) If the actual temperature is 35°F and the wind velocity is 35 mph, the windchill factor is equivalent to _°F.
|
5 degrees F
|
|
|
Reduced visibility doesn't seriously hinder or force postponement of diving operations.TRUE/FALSE
|
FALSE
|
|
|
For operations to be conducted in a known fog belt, the diving schedule should allow for delays because of low visibility.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
In bad surface visibility a proper ____ reflector for small craft should be considered.
|
radar
|
|
|
Depth is a major factor in selecting both _____ personnel and _________ and influences the decompression profile for any dive.
|
diving personnel and apparatus
|
|
|
Operations in deep waters may also call for special support equipment such as underwater lights, ______, _____, etc.
|
cameras, ROVs
|
|
|
Soundings by a ship-mounted fathometer are reasonably accurate but shall be verified by either a lead-line sounding, a pneumofathometer, or a ____ _______ sonar (bottom finder or fish finder).
|
high resolution
|
|
|
Depth readings taken from a chart should only be used as an indication of ________ depth.
|
probable depth
|
|
|
The type of bottom may have a significant effect upon a diver’s ability to move and work efficiently and ____.
|
safety
|
|
|
Independent verification of the type of bottom should be obtained by ______ or _________.
|
sample or observation
|
|
|
The basic types of currents that affect diving operations are...
|
1.River or Major ocean currents
2.Ebb tides 3.Undertow or Rip current 4.Surface current generated by wind |
|
|
A diver wearing a surface-supplied outfit, such as the MK 21 SSDS with heavy weights, can usually work in currents up to ___ knots without undue difficulty.
|
1.5 knots
|
|
|
A diver supplied with an additional weighted belt may be able to accomplish useful work in currents as strong as ___ knots.
|
2.5 knots
|
|
|
A SCUBA diver is severely handicapped by currents greater than ___ knot.
|
1.0 knot
|
|
|
Underwater visibility varies with ____ and ______.
|
depth and turbidity
|
|
|
Horizontal visibility is almost always ____ than vertical visibility.
|
less
|
|
|
The degree of underwater visibility influences selection of dive technique and can greatly increase the time required for a diver to complete a given task.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
A diver’s physical condition, amount of body fat, and thermal protection equipment determine how long exposure to extreme temperatures can be endured safely.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Warm water diving is defined as those diving operations that occur in water temperatures exceeding __° F.
|
88 degrees
|
|
|
Diving in water temperatures above __°F should not be attempted.
|
99 degrees
|
|
|
Divers should hydrate fully (approximately 500 ml or 17 oz) ___ hours before diving.
|
two
|
|
|
Fluid loading in excess of the recommended ___ ml may cause life-threatening pulmonary edema and should not be attempted.
|
500 ml
|
|
|
Approximately 500 ml should be replaced for each ____ of diving.
|
hour
|
|
|
Divers should be hydrated and calorically replete to baseline weight, rested, and kept in a cool environment for at least __ hours before a repeat exposure to warm water is deemed safe.
|
12
|
|
|
The maximum warm water dive time exposure limit shall be the lesser of the approved UBA operational limits, canister duration limits, oxygen bottle duration or the diver physiological exposure limit. A diver working at a moderate rate e.g. swimming at 0.8 kts or less, can endure warm water exposure limits of: 88°–__°F - limited to canister/O2 bottle duration or diver aerobic endurance
|
94 degrees
|
|
|
The maximum warm water dive time exposure limit shall be the lesser of the approved UBA operational limits, canister duration limits, oxygen bottle duration or the diver physiological exposure limit. A diver working at a moderate rate e.g. swimming at 0.8 kts or less, can endure warm water exposure limits of: 94°–__°F - limited to three hours based on physiological limits.
|
97 degrees
|
|
|
The maximum warm water dive time exposure limit shall be the lesser of the approved UBA operational limits, canister duration limits, oxygen bottle duration or the diver physiological exposure limit. A diver working at a moderate rate e.g. swimming at 0.8 kts or less, can endure warm water exposure limits of: 97°–__°F - limited to one hour based on physiological limits.
|
99 degrees
|
|
|
The maximum warm water dive time exposure limit shall be the lesser of the approved UBA operational limits, canister duration limits, oxygen bottle duration or the diver physiological exposure limit. In cases of SDV and DDS operations, thermal loading may change during the course of the mission. Exposure times should be reduced and fluids replaced during the dive when possible. A resting diver e.g. during decompression: 88°–__°F - limited to canister duration.
|
94 degrees
|
|
|
The maximum warm water dive time exposure limit shall be the lesser of the approved UBA operational limits, canister duration limits, oxygen bottle duration or the diver physiological exposure limit. In cases of SDV and DDS operations, thermal loading may change during the course of the mission. Exposure times should be reduced and fluids replaced during the dive when possible. A resting diver e.g. during decompression: 94°–__°F - limited to canister duration.
|
97 degrees
|
|
|
The maximum warm water dive time exposure limit shall be the lesser of the approved UBA operational limits, canister duration limits, oxygen bottle duration or the diver physiological exposure limit. In cases of SDV and DDS operations, thermal loading may change during the course of the mission. Exposure times should be reduced and fluids replaced during the dive when possible. A resting diver e.g. during decompression: 97°–__°F - limited to two hours based on physiological limits.
|
99 degrees
|
|
|
Conduct diving operations at night, dusk, or dawn to reduce ____ stress incurred from sun exposure and high air temperatures.
|
heat
|
|
|
Avoid wearing a hood with a dive skin to allow evaporative _______ when diving in warm water.
|
cooling
|
|
|
When possible avoid wearing dive skin or anti-chafing dress. Although the effect of various diver dress is not known, it is expected that safe exposure durations at temperatures above __°F will be less.
|
96 degrees
|
|
|
Reduce the intensity of the diving for ____ days immediately prior to warm water diving operations.
|
five
|
|
|
Ensure divers maintain physical conditioning during periods of ____ water diving.
|
warm
|
|
|
Methods of cooling the diver should be employed whenever possible. These include using hot water suits to supply cold water to the diver and the use of ice ____.
|
vests
|
|
|
Mission planning should also include recognition and management of heat stress injuries as part of ___-____ training and briefing.
|
pre-dive
|
|
|
The diver and topside personnel shall be particularly alert for the symptoms of heat stress during ____water dives.
|
warm
|
|
|
When planning for contaminated water diving, medical personnel should be consulted to ensure proper pre-dive precautions are taken and post-dive monitoring of divers is conducted.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
In planning for operations in polluted waters, protective clothing and appropriate preventative medical procedures shall be taken.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Resources outside the scope of the dive manual may not be required to deal with nuclear, biological, or chemical contaminants.TRUE/FALSE
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Resources and technical advice for dealing with contaminated water diving conditions are available in the...
|
Guidance for Diving in Contaminated Waters
|
|
|
Divers operating in waters where a chemical or chemical warfare threat is known or suspected shall evaluate the threat and _______ themselves as appropriate.
|
protect
|
|
|
The MK 21 UBA with a double exhaust and a dry suit dress assembly affords limited __________ for diving in polluted and contaminated water.
|
protection
|
|
|
A diver working near sewer outlets may be exposed to _________ hazards.
|
biological
|
|
|
_____ divers are especially vulnerable to ear and skin infections when diving in waters that contain biological contamination.
|
SCUBA
|
|
|
External ear ______ should be provided to diving personnel to prevent ear infections.
|
prophylaxis
|
|
|
Air Decompression Tables and Surface-Supplied Helium-Oxygen Tables are authorized for use at altitudes up to ___ feet above sea level without corrections.
|
300
|
|
|
Various underwater obstacles, such as wrecks or discarded munitions, offer serious _____ to diving.
|
hazards
|
|
|
Electrical shock may occur when using electric ______ or power equipment.
|
welding
|
|
|
The only effective means of reducing electrical shock hazards are to ensure:
|
n Electrical equipment is properly maintained.
n All electrical devices and umbilicals are inspected carefully before all operations. n Electrical umbilicals are adequately protected to reduce the risk of being abraded or cut when pulled over rough or sharp objects. n Personnel are offered additional protection through the use of rubber suits (wet, dry, or hot-water) and rubber gloves. n GFI circuits are tested at regular intervals throughout the operation using built-in test circuits. |
|
|
Divers operating with remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) should take _____ precautions to ensure the ROV electrical system offers the required protection.
|
similar
|
|
|
(ICCP) systems must be secured, tagged out, and confirmed secured before divers may work on an ICCP device such as an anode, dielectric shield, or reference cell. what does ICCP stand for?
|
impressed current cathodic protection
|
|
|
When divers are required to work close to an active ICCP anode and there is a risk of contact with the anode, the system must also be ______.
|
secured
|
|
|
In situations other than those described above, the ICCP should remain ______.
|
active
|
|
|
Divers working within __ feet of active systems must wear a full dry suit, unisuit, or wet suit with hood and gloves.
|
15
|
|
|
All other underwater electrical equipment shall be ______ while divers are working over the side.
|
secured
|
|
|
Explosions may be set off in demolition tasks _________, accidentally, or as the result of enemy action.
|
intentionally
|
|
|
Welding or cutting torches may cause an _________ on penetration of gas-filled compartments, resulting in serious injury or death.
|
explosion
|
|
|
_________ provides guidance regarding safe diving distances and exposure times for divers operating in the vicinity of ships transmitting with sonar.
|
Appendix 1A
|
|
|
Radiation may be encountered as the result of an accident, proximity to ________ or propulsion systems, weapons testing, or occasionally _______ conditions.
|
weapons, natural
|
|
|
Prior to diving, all dive team members shall be thoroughly knowledgeable of the ______/_______ radiological control requirements.
|
local/command
|
|
|
Certain marine life, because of its _______ or venomous nature, may be dangerous to man.
|
aggressive
|
|
|
It may be necessary to ______ ___ an area or limit the movement of other ships.
|
close off
|
|
|
At any time that diving operations are to be conducted in the vicinity of other ships, they shall be properly notified by International ____ _____ flags
|
Code signal
|
|
|
Hazards associated with vessel traffic are intensified under conditions of ________ _________.
|
reduced visibility
|
|
|
When small civilian boats are in the area, use the civilian Sport Diver flag (red with white diagonal stripe) as well as “_____ _____.”
|
Code Alpha
|
|
|
Diving operations conducted in the territorial waters of other nations shall be _________ __________ prior to diving.
|
properly coordinated
|
|
|
Diving units must be alert to the presence of foreign intelligence-collection ships and the ________ for hostile action when diving in disputed territorial waters or combat zones.
|
potential
|
|
|
Emergency Equipment. Communications equipment capable of reaching help in the event of an ________.
|
emergency
|
|
|
Emergency Equipment. A completely stocked _____ ___ kit.
|
first aid kit
|
|
|
Emergency Equipment. Portable ____ supply with sufficient capacity to reach either the recompression chamber or the planned evacuation location listed in the Emergency Assistance Checklist.
|
oxygen
|
|
|
Emergency Equipment. ___________ or Bag-mask (to provide rescue breathing)
|
Resusitator
|
|
|
Emergency Equipment. A means of ________ and transporting an unconscious diver (e.g., litter, stretcher, mesh stretcher, backboard)
|
extracting
|
|
|
When selecting the technique to be used for a dive, the following factors must be considered: Duration and _____ of the dive
|
Depth
|
|
|
When selecting the technique to be used for a dive, the following factors must be considered: Type of ____ to be performed
|
work
|
|
|
When selecting the technique to be used for a dive, the following factors must be considered: _____________ conditions
|
Environmental
|
|
|
When selecting the technique to be used for a dive, the following factors must be considered: _____ constraints
|
Time
|
|
|
A dive of extended length, even in shallow water, may require an air supply exceeding that which could be provided by _______.
|
SCUBA
|
|
|
The increase of air consumption with depth limits open-circuit SCUBA to ___ fsw for reasonable working dives.
|
130
|
|
|
The hazards of nitrogen narcosis and decompression further limit open-circuit SCUBA to ___ fsw even for short duration dives.
|
190
|
|
|
Selecting a diving technique may depend upon ___________ of equipment or trained personnel.
|
availability
|
|
|
Breathhold diving shall be confined to tactical and work situations that ______ be effectively accomplished by the use of underwater breathing apparatus and applicable diver training situations such as SCUBA pool phase and shallow water obstacle/ordnance clearance.
|
cannot
|
|
|
__________ diving includes the practice of taking two or three deep breaths prior to the dive.
|
Breathhold
|
|
|
The term SCUBA refers to open-circuit air SCUBA unless otherwise noted. The main advantages of SCUBA are mobility, depth flexibility and control, portability, and _______ requirement for surface support.
|
reduced
|
|
|
The SCUBA diver is not hindered by bulky or heavy equipment and can cover a considerable distance, with an even greater range through the use of diver _________ vehicles (DPVs), moving freely in any direction.
|
propulsion
|
|
|
SCUBA equipment is not authorized for use in enclosed space diving.TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
SCUBA equipment is designed to have nearly neutral buoyancy when in use, permitting the diver to change or _______ depth with ease.
|
maintain
|
|
|
The _________ and ease with which SCUBA can be employed are distinct advantages.
|
portability
|
|
|
Bottom time is limited by the SCUBA’s fixed air supply, which is _________ more rapidly when diving deep or working hard.
|
depleted
|
|
|
The SCUBA diver is not as well _________ from cold or from contact with marine plants and animals as a diver in surface-supplied gear, and is more easily swept along by current.
|
protected
|
|
|
Surface-supplied diving systems can be divided into two major categories: _________ full face mask (MK 20 and EXO 26-BR), and ____-___ (MK 21 and KM-37) gear.
|
lightweight, deep-sea
|
|
|
Surface-supplied gear allows the diver almost as much mobility as SCUBA. The primary use for deep-sea gear is bottom work in depths up to ___ fsw.
|
190
|
|
|
Variable Volume Dry Suit (VVDS) provides the greatest buoyancy control, making it a ________ technique for working on muddy bottoms, conducting jetting or tunneling, or working where the reaction forces of tools are high.
|
desirable
|
|
|
Additional limitations of using surface-supplied gear include additional _______ support personnel and lengthy predive and postdive procedures.
|
topside
|
|
|
Surface-supplied diving systems can offer the diver _________ thermal protection when used with a Hot Water or VVDS.
|
increased
|
|
|
The MK 21 helmet can increase protection of the diver’s ____.
|
head
|
|
|
Deep sea gear (MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37) should be used for jobs involving underwater rigging, heavy work, use of certain underwater tools, and any situation where more __________ __________ is desired.
|
physical protection
|
|
|
What does ANU stand for?
|
Authorized for U.S. Navy Use
|
|
|
Flow to the diver must be _________. Refer to the appropriate equipment operations and _________ manual for flow requirements.
|
sufficient, maintanence
|
|
|
Adequate overbottom pressure shall be _________ at the dive station.
|
maintained
|
|
|
Adequate air supply shall be ________ to support the duration and depth of the dive.
|
available
|
|
|
A _________ air supply shall be available for surface-supplied diving.
|
secondary
|
|
|
Regardless of the technique being supported, craft used for diving operations shall:
|
n Be seaworthy
n Include required lifesaving and other safety gear n Have a reliable engine (unless it is a moored platform or barge) n Provide ample room for the divers to dress n Provide adequate shelter and working area for the support crew n Be able to carry safely all equipment required for the operation n Have a well-trained crew |
|
|
Other support equipment—including barges, tugs, floating cranes, or vessels and aircraft for area search—may be needed, depending on the type of _________.
|
operation
|
|
|
The mission of the T-ARS ship is to assist ______ ships, debeach stranded vessels, fight fires alongside other ships, lift heavy objects, recover submerged objects, tow other vessels, and perform manned diving _________.
|
disabled, operations
|
|
|
The T-ARS class ships carry a complement of divers to perform underwater ship husbandry tasks and salvage operations as well as underwater ________ and ________.
|
search and recovery
|
|
|
U.S. submarine tenders are designed ___________ for servicing nuclear-powered submarines. Submarine tenders are fitted with a recompression chamber used for hyperbaric treatments.
|
specifically
|
|
|
T-ATFs are operated by the Military Sealift Command. Civilian crews are _________ with military communications and diving _________.
|
augmented, detachments
|
|
|
Diving Tender (YDT). These vessels are used to support shallow-water diving operations. Additionally, a wide variety of Standard Navy Dive Boats (SNDB), LCM-8, LCM-6, __-foot work boats, and other yard craft have been _____ with surface-supplied dive systems.
|
50, fitted
|
|
|
SCUBA operations are normally ________ from small craft.
|
conducted
|
|
|
A small boat used by SCUBA divers must be able to slip its _________ quickly and move to a diver needing assistance.
|
moorings
|
|
|
When planning diving assignments and matching the ___________ and __________ of diving personnel to specific requirements of the operation, a thorough knowledge of the duties, responsibilities, and relationships of the various members of the diving team is essential.
|
qualifications and experience
|
|
|
The size of the diving team may vary with the operation, depending upon the type of equipment being used, the number of divers needed to complete the mission, and the _____.
|
equipment, depth
|
|
|
Other factors, such as weather, planned length of the mission, the nature of the __________, and the availability of various ________ will also influence the size of the team.
|
objective, resources
|
|
|
Minimum levels as determined by ORM shall be maintained; levels must be increased as necessary to meet anticipated operational _________ and __________.
|
conditions and situations
|
|
|
What are the minimum manning levels for a single and buddy pair divers in SCUBA?
|
4
|
|
|
What are the minimum manning levels for surface-supplied diving operations?
|
5
|
|
|
The ultimate ___________ for the safe and successful conduct of all diving operations rests with the Commanding Officer.
|
responsibility
|
|
|
To ensure diving operations are efficiently conducted, the Commanding Officer delegates appropriate _________ to selected members of the command who, with subordinate personnel, make up the diving team.
|
authority
|
|
|
The Command Diving Officer’s primary responsibility is the safe conduct of all diving operations within the ________.
|
command
|
|
|
In the absence of a commissioned officer or a Master Diver, a _______ ________ diving supervisor may be assigned as the Command Diving Officer.
|
senior enlisted
|
|
|
The Watchstation Diving Officer must be a qualified diver and is responsible to the Commanding Officer for the safe and __________ conduct of the diving operation.
|
successful
|
|
|
The Watchstation Diving Officer provides overall supervision of diving operations, ensuring strict _________ to procedures and precautions.
|
adherence
|
|
|
The Master Diver is the most ________ person to supervise air and mixed-gas dives (using SCUBA and surface-supplied diving equipment) and recompression __________.
|
qualified, treatments
|
|
|
The Master Diver manages _________ and __________ maintenance on diving equipment, support systems, salvage machinery, handling systems, and submarine rescue equipment.
|
preventive, corrective
|
|
|
The Master Diver recommends to the Commanding Officer, via the Diving Officer, which enlisted divers are qualified to serve as Diving ________.
|
Supervisors
|
|
|
The Master Diver has completed Master Diver ___________ course successfully and is proficient in the operation of Navy-approved underwater breathing equipment, support systems, and recompression chambers.
|
evaluations
|
|
|
The Master Diver is thoroughly familiar with _________ and __________ procedures for diving systems, and possesses a working knowledge of gas mixing and analysis, computations, salvage theory and methods, submarine rescue procedures, towing, and underwater ship husbandry.
|
operating and emergency
|
|
|
While the Master Diver is in charge of the overall diving operation, the Diving Supervisor is in charge of the actual diving ________ for a particular dive or series of dives.
|
operation
|
|
|
The Diving Supervisor has the _________ and ____________ to discontinue diving operations in the event of unsafe diving conditions.
|
authority and responsibility
|
|
|
The Diving Supervisor inspects all equipment and conducts pre-dive _________ of personnel.
|
briefings
|
|
|
While the operation is underway, the Diving Supervisor monitors _______; debriefs divers; _________ instructions to subsequent divers; and ensures that the Master Diver, Diving Officer, Commanding Officer, and other personnel as necessary are advised of progress and of any changes to the original plan.
|
progress, updates
|
|
|
When the mission has been completed, the Diving Supervisor gathers appropriate data, analyzes the results of the mission, prepares reports to be ___________ to higher authority, and ensures that required records are completed.
|
submitted
|
|
|
When qualifying a Diving Supervisor, selection is based on _________ of diving technique, _________, level of training, and the competence of the available personnel.
|
knowledge, experience
|
|
|
Regardless of rank, the Diving Supervisor shall be a qualified diver of __________ ability and experience.
|
demonstrated
|
|
|
The Diving Medical Officer provides _______ medical care for divers as conditions arise and ensures that diving personnel receive proper attention before, during, and after dives.
|
on-site
|
|
|
The Diving Medical Officer may ______ recompression treatment tables, with the specific concurrence of the Commanding Officer.
|
modify
|
|
|
A Diving Medical Officer is required on site for all air dives deeper than ___ fsw, or for planned exceptional exposure dives.
|
190
|
|
|
To ensure safe conduct of the dive, the diver shall always obey a signal from the ________ and repeat all _______ when using voice communications.
|
surface, commands
|
|
|
Military divers shall be ________ and __________ in accordance with instructions issued by the Naval Personnel Command (NPC) or as appropriate by USMC, U.S. Army, or U.S. Air Force orders.
|
qualified and designated
|
|
|
Diving personnel assigned to Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) and Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory (NSMRL) are _____ from such requirements as they are assigned as experimental ____ ____ and may be employed in experimental dive profiles as required within approved test protocols.
|
exempt, test subjects
|
|
|
The Center for EOD and Diving (CENEODDIVE) is ______ to designate fleet units to train personnel in specific critical diving skill sets (HEO2, Saturation, MK-16 Mod 0 and Mod 1, and MK 25).
|
authorized
|
|
|
A standby diver with a tender is required for ____ diving operations.
|
all
|
|
|
The standby diver need not be ______ with the same equipment as the primary diver (except as otherwise specified), but shall have equivalent depth and operational capabilities.
|
equipped
|
|
|
______ shall not be used for the standby diver for surface-supplied diving operations.
|
SCUBA
|
|
|
The standby diver is a fully qualified diver, assigned for back-up or to provide __________ assistance, and is ready to enter the water immediately.
|
emergency
|
|
|
The standby diver may be deployed as a working diver provided all of the following conditions are met: Surface-supplied no-decompression dive of __ fsw or less.
|
60
|
|
|
The standby diver may be deployed as a working diver provided all of the following conditions are met: Same ___/________, e.g., working on port and starboard propellers on the vessel
|
job/location
|
|
|
The standby diver may be deployed as a working diver provided all of the following conditions are met: Prior to deploying the standby diver, the work area shall be determined to be free of ________ (i.e., suctions, discharges) by the first diver on the job site.
|
hazards
|
|
|
The standby diver may be deployed as a working diver provided all of the following conditions are met: When working in ballast tanks or confined spaces, the standby diver may deploy as a ______ _____, but both divers shall be tended by a third diver who is outside the confined space.
|
working diver
|
|
|
The standby diver shall remain on deck ready for deployment when _______ operations diving is being done.
|
salvage
|
|
|
A buddy diver is the diver’s partner for a _______ operation.
|
SCUBA
|
|
|
Each diver shall watch out for the ______ and ___________ of his buddy and shall be alert for symptoms of nitrogen narcosis, decompression sickness, and carbon dioxide build-up.
|
safety and well-being
|
|
|
The tender is the surface member of the diving team who works closely with the diver on the ________.
|
bottom
|
|
|
At the start of a dive, the tender checks the diver’s equipment and _______ air supply for proper operation and dresses the diver
|
topside
|
|
|
Once the diver is in the water, the tender _________ tends the lines to eliminate excess slack or tension.
|
constantly
|
|
|
The tender should be a ________ diver.
|
qualified
|
|
|
The recorder _________ worksheets, fills out the diving log for the operation, and records the diver’s descent time, depth of dive, and bottom time.
|
maintains
|
|
|
Diving Medical Officers and Diving Medical Technicians are given special training in ________ medicine and in diving.
|
hyperbaric
|
|
|
Diving medical personnel _______ the fitness of divers before operations begin and are prepared to handle any emergencies which might arise.
|
evaluate
|
|
|
Other support personnel may include almost ___ _______ of the command when assigned to duties that support diving operations.
|
any member
|
|
|
Each member of the diving team should be qualified to act in ___ position on the team.
|
any
|
|
|
Diving candidates shall meet the specific _________ requirements for divers set forth by the Commander Naval Medical Command and pass a physical screening test
|
physical
|
|
|
At a minimum, the blasting plan contains:
|
n Demolition team organization
n Work description with alternatives n Range standard operating procedures n Prefiring procedures n Postfiring procedures n Area security plan n Misfire procedures n Personnel and equipment casualty procedures n Blasting sequence of events |
|
|
Qualified demolition personnel shall ensure the operation does not proceed until receiving specific _______ from the diving supervisor and shall take charge of all misfires, ensuring they are handled in accordance with the approved plan.
|
approval
|
|
|
What does OSHA stand for and who is it for?
|
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, civilian divers
|
|
|
SCUBA diving shall not be conducted.
|
n To depths deeper than 130 fsw
n To depths deeper than 100 fsw unless a recompression chamber is on station |
|
|
All SCUBA cylinder manifolds shall be equipped with a manual reserve (_ valve), or an independent reserve cylinder gas supply with a ________ regulator.
|
J, seperate
|
|
|
A SCUBA cylinder submersible _______ gauge shall be worn by each diver.
|
pressure
|
|
|
Surface Supplied air diving shall not be conducted to depths greater than ___ fsw.
|
190
|
|
|
Dives shall be limited to in-water decompression times of less than ___ minutes.
|
120
|
|
|
An emergency gas supply (come-home bottle) is required for any dive greater than __ fsw planned decompression dives or for which direct access to the surface is not available.
|
60
|
|
|
All mixed gas diving shall be limited to:
|
n A maximum depth of 220 fsw
n Less than 120 minutes total in-water decompression time n Having a recompression chamber on station |
|
|
An ________ recompression chamber is defined as a certified and ready chamber on the dive station.
|
on-station
|
|
|
A recompression chamber shall be on-station for all planned decompression dives or dives deeper than ___ fsw.
|
100
|
|
|
Civilian divers shall remain at the location of a manned recompression chamber for _ hour(s) after surfacing from a dive that requires a recompression chamber on station.
|
1
|
|
|
A common failure when planning an operation is to place excessive emphasis on the actual dive phases, while not fully ________ pre-dive and post-dive activities.
|
considering
|
|
|
Another failure is to treat operations of a recurring nature with an indifference to _____ that comes with over-familiarity.
|
safety
|
|
|
The schedule shall allocate sufficient time for preparation, transit to the site, rendezvous with other vessels or units, and establishing a secure ________.
|
mooring
|
|
|
Bottom time is always at a premium, and all factors that shall affect bottom time shall be carefully _________.
|
considered
|
|
|
These include depth, decompression, number of divers available, support craft size, and surface and underwater ____________ conditions.
|
environmental
|
|
|
The number and profile of _______ dives in a given time period are limited.
|
repetitive
|
|
|
Plans may include the option to work _____ and ___; however, there is an increased risk of a diving mishap from fatigue.
|
night and day
|
|
|
The level of ___________ support depends on the diving techniques selected.
|
personnel
|
|
|
In planning tasks, non-diving topside support ________ shall be selected carefully, especially those who are not members of the diving team.
|
personnel
|
|
|
Any schedule must be _______ to accommodate unexpected complications, delays, and changing conditions.
|
flexible
|
|
|
The Diving Supervisor shall __________ difficulties and be prepared to either overcome them or find alternative methods to circumvent them.
|
anticipate
|
|
|
If divers have been inactive and operating conditions permit, work-up dives should be _________ in-water or in the recompression chamber.
|
conducted
|
|
|
A diving operation is completed when the objective has been met, the diving team demobilized, and records and reports are filed. Time shall be allocated for:
|
n Recovering, cleaning, inspecting, maintaining, repairing, and stowing all equipment
n Disposing materials brought up during the operation n Debriefing divers and other team members n Analyzing the operation, as planned and as actually carried out n Restocking expended materials n Ensuring the readiness of the team to respond to the next assignment |
|
|
The Master Diver or the Diving Supervisor shall brief the team on the overall mission and the aspects of the __________ necessary to safely achieve the objective.
|
operation
|
|
|
Prior to starting a dive mission or dive day, coordination with other commands and/or shipboard departments shall be __________.
|
accomplished
|
|
|
For ________ operations, briefing with charts, slides, and diagrams may be required.
|
complex
|
|
|
The briefing shall present a __________ of the dive objective, primary tasks, diving procedures, and related work procedures for the mission or dive day.
|
breakdown
|
|
|
Prompt debriefing of divers returning to the surface provides the Diving Supervisor with _______ that may influence or alter the next phase of the operation
|
information
|
|
|
Diving and work procedures to be used for the task at hand shall be ______ during the briefing.
|
reviewed
|
|
|
All personnel assignments shall be ______ and ________ to ensure properly trained personnel are assigned to operations.
|
reviewed and verified
|
|
|
In any diving operation, three types of assistance may be required:
|
1. Additional equipment, personnel, supplies, or services
2. Clarification, authorization, or decisions from higher command 3. Emergency assistance in the event of an accident or serious illness |
|
|
The location of the _______ recompression chamber shall be identified and the chamber operators notified before the operation begins.
|
nearest
|
|
|
If emergency transportation is required by civilian Emergency Medical Services (EMS) sources, a Memorandum of Agreement or Diving Protocol should be established in ________ and those casualty response agreements incorporated into the Command Diving Bill.
|
advance
|
|
|
the chamber shall be currently certified and within __ minutes’ travel time from the dive site.
|
30
|
|
|
If a recompression chamber is required in an emergency, a non-certified chamber may be used if the ____ qualified Chamber Supervisor is of the opinion that it is safe to operate.
|
DSWS
|
|
|
In the event of a diving ________ or ______ on dive station, calm must be maintained
|
casualty or mishap
|
|
|
Fouling and entrapment are more common with surface-supplied gear than ______ because of the ease with which the umbilicals can become entangled.
|
SCUBA
|
|
|
The first and most important action that a trapped diver can take is to stop and ____.
|
think
|
|
|
Once the diver has been freed and returns to the surface, the diver shall be examined and treated, bearing in mind the following considerations:
|
n The diver will probably be overtired and emotionally exhausted.
n The diver may be suffering from or approaching hypothermia. n The diver may have a physical injury. n A SCUBA diver may be suffering from asphyxia. If a free ascent has been made, gas embolism may have developed. n Significant decompression time may have been missed. |
|
|
When a failure does occur, the correct procedures will depend upon the type of equipment and dive. As with most emergencies, the training and experience of the diver and the diving team will be the most important factor in _______ the situation safely.
|
resolving
|
|
|
When breathing gas is interrupted, the dive shall be _______ and the diver surfaced as soon as possible.
|
aborted
|
|
|
If communications are lost:
|
1. Use line-pull signals at once. Depth, current, bottom or work site conditions may interfere.
2. Check the rising bubbles of air. A cessation or marked decrease of bubbles could be a sign of trouble. 3. Listen for sounds from the diving helmet. If no sound is heard, the circuit is probably out of order. If the flow of bubbles seems normal, the diver may be all right.4. If sounds are heard and the diver does not respond to signals, assume the diver is in trouble. 5. Have divers already on the bottom investigate, or send down the standby diver to do so. |
|
|
If the diver is not located quickly, or not found at the surface, the Diving Supervisor shall initiate _____ procedures immediately.
|
search
|
|
|
Nitrogen narcosis or other complications involving the breathing mixture, which can result in confusion, dizziness, anxiety, or panic, are _______ in recovered lost divers.
|
common
|
|
|
If the diver is found unconscious, attempts should be made to ________ breathing gas and restore consciousness. If this cannot be accomplished, the diver shall be brought to the ______ immediately.
|
resupply, surface
|
|
|
After the day’s diving has been completed (or after a shift has finished work if the operation is being carried on around the clock), all members of the diving team should be brought together for a short ________ of the day’s activities.
|
debriefing
|
|
|
SCUBA General Characteristics
Minimum Equipment: |
1. Open-circuit SCUBA with J-valve or submersible pressure gauge
2. Life preserver/buoyancy compensator 3. Weight belt (if required) 4. Dive knife 5. Face mask 6. Swim fins 7. Submersible wrist watch 8. Depth gauge |
|
|
SCUBA General Characteristics
Advantages: |
1. Rapid deployment
2. Portability 3. Minimum support requirements 4. Excellent horizontal and vertical mobility 5. Minimum bottom disturbances |
|
|
SCUBA General Characteristics
Disadvantages: |
1. Limited endurance (depth and duration)
2. Limited physical protection 3. Influenced by current 4. Lack of voice communication (unless equipped with a through-water communications system or full face mask) |
|
|
SCUBA General Characteristics
Restrictions: |
Work limits:
1. Normal 130 fsw 2. Maximum 190 fsw with Commanding Officer or Officer-in-Charge’s permission 3. 100 fsw using SCUBA cylinder(s) with less than 100 SCF 4. Standby diver with at least 100 SCF cylinder capacity for dives deeper than 60 fsw 5. Within no-decompression limits 6. Current - 1 knot maximum. Current greater than 1 knot, requires ORM analysis. As a minimum the divers(s) must be tended or have a witness float. |
|
|
SCUBA General Characteristics
Operational Considerations: |
1. Standby diver required
2. Small craft is mandatory for diver recovery during open-ocean diving, when diving off of a large platform or when the diver is untended and may be displaced from dive site, e.g., during a bottom search in a strong current or a long duration swim. 3. Moderate to good visibility preferred 4. Ability to free ascend to surface required |
|
|
MK 20 MOD 0 General Characteristics
Minimum Equipment: |
1. MK 20 MOD 0 mask
2. Harness 3. Weight belt (as required) 4. Dive knife 5. Swim fins or boots 6. Surface umbilical |
|
|
MK 20 MOD 0 General Characteristics
Advantages: |
1. Unlimited by air supply
2. Good horizontal mobility 3. Voice and/or line-pull signal capabilities |
|
|
MK 20 MOD 0 General Characteristics
Disadvantages: |
1. Limited physical protection
|
|
|
MK 20 MOD 0 General Characteristics
Restrictions: |
1. Depth limits: 60 fsw
2. Current - Above 1.5 knots requires extra weights 3. Enclosed space diving requires an Emergency Gas Supply (EGS) with 50 to 150 foot whip and second-stage regulator. |
|
|
MK 20 MOD 0 General Characteristics
Operational Considerations: |
1. Adequate air supply system required
2. Standby diver required |
|
|
MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 General Characteristics
Minimum Equipment: |
1. MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 Helmet
2. Harness 3. Weight belt (if required) 4. Dive knife 5. Swim fins or boots 6. Surface umbilical 7. EGS bottle deeper than 60 fsw |
|
|
MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 General Characteristics
Principal Applications: |
1. Search
2. Salvage 3. Inspection 4. Underwater Ships Husbandry and enclosed space diving |
|
|
MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 General Characteristics
Advantages: |
1. Unlimited by air supply
2. Head protection 3. Good horizontal mobility 4. Voice and/or line pull signal capabilities 5. Fast deployment |
|
|
MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 General Characteristics
Disadvantages: |
1. Limited mobility
|
|
|
MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 General Characteristics
Restrictions: |
1. Depth limits: 190 fsw
2. Emergency air supply (EGS) required deeper than 60 fsw or diving inside a wreck or enclosed space 3. Current - Above 1.5 knots requires extra weights 4. Enclosed space diving requires an Emergency Gas Supply (EGS). |
|
|
MK 21 MOD 1, KM-37 General Characteristics
Operational Considerations: |
1. Adequate air supply system required
2. Standby diver required |
|
|
EXO BR MS
Characteristics Minimum Equipment: |
1. EXO BR MS Full Face Mask
2. Manifold Block (except for SCUBA and ship husbandry enclosed spaces) 3. Harness 4. Weight belt (if required) 5. Dive knife 6. Swim fins or boots 7. Surface umbilical 8. EGS bottle deeper than 60 fsw |
|
|
EXO BR MS
Characteristics Principal Applications: |
1. Search
2. Salvage 3. Inspection 4. Underwater Ships Husbandry and enclosed space diving |
|
|
EXO BR MS
Characteristics Advantages: |
1. Unlimited by air supply
2. Good horizontal mobility 3. Voice and/or line pull signal capabilities 4. Fast deployment |
|
|
EXO BR MS
Characteristics Disadvantages: |
1. Limited physical protection
|
|
|
EXO BR MS
Characteristics Restrictions: |
1. Depth limits: 190 fsw
2. Emergency air supply (EGS) required deeper than 60 fsw or diving inside a wreck or enclosed space 3. Current - Above 1.5 knots requires extra weights 4. Enclosed space diving requires an Emergency Gas Supply (EGS) with 50 to 150 foot whip and second stage regulator. |
|
|
EXO BR MS
Characteristics Operational Considerations: |
1. Adequate air supply system required
2. Standby diver required |
