Chapter 6 The Lymphatic And Immune System

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anti-

Back 1

against

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carcin/o

Back 2

cancerous

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immun/o

Back 3

immune, protection safe

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lymph/o

Back 4

lymph, lymphatic tissue

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lymphaden/o

Back 5

lymph node or gland

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lymphangi/o

Back 6

lymph vessel

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neo-, ne/o

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New, strange

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-oma

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tumor, neoplasm

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onc/o

Back 9

tumor

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phag/o

Back 10

eat, swallow

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-plasm

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formative material of cells

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sarc/o

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flesh, connective tissue

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splen/o

Back 13

spleen

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-tic

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pertaining to

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tox/o

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poison, poisonous

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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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commonly known as AIDS, is the most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection

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adenoids

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Also known as the nasopharyngeal tonsils, are located in the nasaphanynx, which is the upper part of the pharynx

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allergen

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Is a substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual

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allergic reaction

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occurs when the body's immune system reacts to a harmless allergen such as pollens, food, or animal dander as if it were a dangerous invader

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allergist

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specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of altered immunologic reactivity such as allergic reaction

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allergy

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Also known as hypersensitivity, is an overreacting by the body to a particular antigen.

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angiogenesis

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Is the process through which a tumor support its growth by creating its own blood supply

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anthrax

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Is a contagious disease that can be transmitted through livestock infected with bacillus anthracis

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antiagiogenesis

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Is a form of treatment that disrupt the blood supply to the tumor

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antibiotic - resistant bacteria

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occur when antibiotics fail to kill all of the bacteria they target

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antibody

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Is a disease fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen

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antigen

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Is any substance that the body regards as being foreign

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antigen - antibody reaction

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Also known as the immune reaction involves binding antigen to antibodies

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autoimmune disorder

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Also known as an autoimmune disease, is any of a large group of disease characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibody against its own tissues, mistaken healthy cells, tissue, or organs for antigens

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bacilli

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Are rod - shape spore - forming bacteria

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bacteria

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one - celled microscopic organisms

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breast cancer

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Is a carcinoma that develops from the cells of the breast and can spreads to adjacent lymph nodes and other body sites

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cancer

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is a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissue either by invasion through direct growth into adjacent tissue or by spreading into distant sites by metastasizing.

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candidiasis

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a yeast infection

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carcinoma

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is a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

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carcinoma in situ

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is a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissue

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completment system

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is a group of protein that normally circulated in the blood in an inactive form

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corticosteroid drug

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is a hormone like preparation administratored primarily as an anti-inflammatory and is an immunosuppressant

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cytokines

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a group of protein such ss interferon and interleukin release primarily by the T cells

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cytomegalovirus

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is found in most body fluids

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cytotoxic drug

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medication that kills or damages cells

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Ductal carcinoma in situ

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breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk ducts

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ELISA

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which is the acronym for enzyme linked. immunosorbent assay,is a blood test used to screen for presence of HIV antibodies

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fungus

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is a simple parasitic organism

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hemolytic

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function of destroying worn out erythrocytes and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse

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herpes zosters

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also known as shingles,is an acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruption that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve.

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hodgkin's lymphoma

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is distinguished from other lymphomas by the presence of large,cancerous lymphocytes knowm as reed-sternberg cells

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human immunodeficiency virus

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commonly known as HIV,is a blood borne infection in which the virus damages or kills the T cells of the immune system,causing it to progressively fail,thus leaving the body at risk to developing many life threatening opportunistic infections

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immunodeficiency disorder

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occurs when the immune response is compromised

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immunoglobulin

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blind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response

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immunologist

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specializesin diagnosing and treating disorder of the immune system

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immunosuppressant

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is a substance that prevent or reduces the body's normal immune response

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immunotherapy

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also known as biological therapy,is a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response

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infectious mononucleosis

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also known as mono,is caused by the Epstein Barr virus

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infiltrating ductal carcinoma

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also known as invasive ductal carcinoma,starts in the milk ducts breaks through the wall of that duct,and invades the fatty breast tissue

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infiltrating lobular carcinoma

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also known as invasive lobular carcinoma,is cancer that starts in the milk glands,breaks through the walls of the glands and invade the fatty tissue of the breast

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inflammatory breast cancer (IBC)

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is a rare but aggressive form of breast cancer,IBC grows rapidly,and the symptoms include pain rapid increase in the breast size redness or a rash on the breast,and swelling of nearby lymph nodes

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influenza

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commonly known as the flu,is a highly contagious viral respiratory infections that usually occurs in seasonal epidemics

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interferons

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are produced in response to the presence of antigens,particularly viruses or tumor cells

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kaposi's sarcoma

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is an example of an opportunistic infection that is frequently associated with HIV

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localized allergic response

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also known as cellular response,includes redness itching,and burning where the skin has come into contact with an allergen

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lyme disease

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is caused by a spirochete belonging to the genus Borrelia

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lymphadenitis

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commonly known as swollen glands,is an inflammation of the lymph nodes.

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lymphadenopathy

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is any disease progress affecting a lymph node or nodes

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lymphangioma

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is a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system

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lymphedema

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is swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues

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lymphocytes

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also know as lymphoitl cells are leukocytes that are formes in bone marrow as stem cells

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lymphologist

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is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the lymphatic system

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lymphoma

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is a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues

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lymphoscintigraphy

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is a diagnostic test that is performed to detect damaged or malformations of the lymphatic tissues

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macrophage

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is a type of leukocytes that surrounds and kills invading cells

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malaria

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is caused by parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bites of an infected mosquito

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mammography

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radiographic examination of the breast to detect the presence of tumor or precancerous cells.

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measles

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are an acute highly contagious infection that is transmitted by rubeola virus

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metastasis

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the new cancer site that results from the spreading process

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metastasize

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is the process by which cancer spreads from one place to another

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methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

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commonly known as MRSA is one of several types of bacteria that are now resistant to most antibodies

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monoclonal antibodies

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are any of a class of antibodies produced in the laboratory by identical offspring of a clone of specific cells

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mumps

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is an acute viral infection that is characterized by the swelling of the parotid glands which are the salivary glands located just in front of the ears

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myoma

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a benign tumor made up of muscle tissue

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myosarcoma

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is a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissues

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non-hodgkin's lymphoma

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is the term used to describe all other lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma

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oncologist

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is a physician specializing in the diagnosing and treating of malignant disorders such as tumor and cancer

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oncology

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is the study of the prevention,causes,and treatment of tumor and cancer

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opportunistic infection

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caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans

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osteosarcoma

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is a hard-tissue sarcoma that usually involves the upper shaft of the long bones,pelvis,or knee

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parasite

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is a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organisms at the expense of that organisms

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rabies

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is an acute viral infection that is transmitted to humans through the bites or saliva of an infected animal

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rickettsia

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is a small bacterium that lives in lice,fleas,ticks,and mites

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rubella

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also known as German measles or 3 day measles,is a viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever swollen glands,inflamed eyes,and a fine,pink rash

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sarcoma

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is a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues including hard,soft,and liquid connective tissue

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septic shock

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is a serious condition that occur when an overwhelming bacterial infection affects the body

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spirochetes

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are long slender spiral shapes bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement

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splenamegaly

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is an abnormal enlargement of the spleen

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splenorrhagia

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is bleeding from the spleen

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staphylococci

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are a group of almost 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or cluster resembling grapes

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staphylococcus aureus

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alao known as staph aureus is a form of staphylococci that often infects wounds and causes serious problem such as toxic shock syndrome or food poisoning

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staphytococci

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are bacteria that form a chain

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synthetic immunoglobulins

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also known as immune secrum are used as a post-exposure preventive measures against certain virus including rabies,and some types of hepatitis

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synthetic interferon

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is used in the treatment of multiple,sclerosis,hepatitis c and some cancers

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systemic reaction

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which is also described as anaphylaxis or as anaphylactic shock is a serve response to an allergen

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teletherapy

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is a radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body

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thymus

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which is a mass of lymphoid tissue located above the heart reaches its greatest size at puberty and becomes small with age

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tolerance

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refers to an acquired inrespinsiveness to a specific antigens

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tonsils

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are three masses of lymphoid tissue that form a protective ring around the back of the nose and upper throat

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tonsils

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are three masses of lymphoid tissue that form a protective ring around the back of the nose and upper throat

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toxoplasmosis

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is another example of a parasite that is most commonly transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminate animals feces

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tumor

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which is also known as neoplasm is an abnormal growth of body tissue

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varicella

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also known as chicken pox,is caused by the herpes virus varicella zoster and is highly contagious

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viruses

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are very small infectious agent that lives only by invading other cells

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yeast

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is a types of fungus