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75 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
asymptomatic
without symptoms
defecation
elimination of feces from the gastrointestinal tract through the rectum
duodenal bulb
upper duodenal area just beyond the pylorus
endoscope
instrument consisting of a rigid or flexible fiberoptic tube and optical system for observing the inside of a hollow organ or cavity
exocrine
pertaining to a gland that secretes outwardly through excretory ducts to the surface of an organ or tissue or tissue into a vessel
friable
easily broken or pulverized
pepsin
enzyme secreted in the stomach that begins the digestion of proteins
punctate
having pinpoint puntures or depressions on the surface; marked with dots
varices
tortuous dilations of a vein
sphincter
circular muscle constricting an orifice, such as the pyloric sphincter around the opening of the stomach into the duodenum
or/o

stomat/o
mouth
gloss/o

lingu/o
tongue
bucc/o
cheek
cheil/o

labi/o
lip
dent/o

odont/o
teeth
gingiv/o
gums
sial/o
saliva, salivary gland
esophag/o
esophagus
pharyng/o
pharynx (throat)
gastr/o
stomach
pylor/o
pylorus
duoden/o
duodenum (first part of the small intestine)
enter/o
intestine (usually small intestine)
jejun/o
jejunum (second part of the small intestine)
ile/o
ileum (third part of small intestine)
append/o

appendic/o
appendix
col/o

colon/o
colon
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
rect/o
rectum
proct/o
anus. rectum
an/o
anus
hepat/o
liver
pancreat/o
pancreas
cholangi/o
bile vessel
chol/e

cholecyst/o
bile, gall

gallbladder
choledoch
bile duct
-emesis
vomit
-iasis
abnormal condition (produced by something specified)
-megaly
enlargement
-orexia
appetite
-pepsia
digestion
-phagia
swallowing, eating
-prandial
meal
-rrhea
discharge, flow
dia-
through, across
peri-
around
sub-
under, below
anorexia
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat.
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection.
ascites
accumulation of serous fluid in the abdomen.
borborygmus
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance, and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine.
cachexia
general lack of nutrition and wasting occuring in the course of a chronic disease or emotional disturbance.
cholelithiasis
presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct.
Crohn disease, regional enteritis
chronic inflammtion, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract.
cirrhosis
chronic, irreversible, degenerative disease of the liver.
colic
spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ accompanied by pain, especially in the colon.
deglutition
act of swallowing.
dysentery
inflammtion of the intestine, especially the colon, possibly caused by ingesting water or food chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, pr parasites, that results in bloody diarrhea.
dyspepsia
epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion.
dysphagia
inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia.
eructation
producing gas from the stomach, usually characterstic sound; also called belching.
fecalith
fecal concentration.
flatus
gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus.
gastroesophagel reflux disease (GERD)
backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus die to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus.
halitosis
offensive or "bad" breath
hematemesis
vomiting blood
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined: also called spastic colon.
obstipation
intestinal obstuction; also called severe constipation.
malabsorption syndrome
symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph.
oral leukoplakia
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of hte tonge, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irratation.
melena
passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices.
peristalsis
progressive, warlike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract.
pyloric stenosis
sticture of narrowing of the pyloric orifice, possible die to excessive thickening pf the pyloric sphincter.
regurgitation
backward flowing, as in the retuen of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach or the backward flow of blood through a defective heart valve.
steatorrhea
passage of fat in large amounts in the feces die to failure to digest and absorb it.