Chapter 6 Poli Sci Vocabulary

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One of the three Civil War Amendments; specifically bans in slavery in the US

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13th Amendment

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Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War.

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Black Codes

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One of the three Civil War Amendments; guarantees equal protection and due process of the laws to all US citizens.

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14th Amendment

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One of the three Civil War Amendments; specifically enfranchised newly freed male slaves.

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15th Amendment

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Laws enacted by southern states that discriminated against blacks by creating "whites only" schools, theathers, hotels, and other public accommodations.

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Jim Crow laws

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Name attached to five cases brought under the Civil Rights Act of 1875. In 1883, the Supreme Court decided that discrimination in a varitey of pubkic accomodations, including theaters, hotels, and railroads, could not be prohibited by the act because it was private, not state, discrimination.

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Civil Rights Case (1883)

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Voting qualification provision in many southern states that allowed only thoes whose grandfathers had voted before they passed a wealth or literacy test.

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grandfather clause

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Plessy challenged a Louisiana statute requiring that railroads provide separate accommodations for blacks and whites. The Court found that separate but equal accommodations did not violate the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment

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Plessy v. Ferguson

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The drive for voting rights for women that took place in the United States from 1890 to 1920

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suffrage movement

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Amendment to the Constitution that guaranteed women the right to vote.

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19th Amendment

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US Supreme Court decision holding that school segregation is inherently unconstitutional because it violates the 14th amendment's guarantee of equal protection; marked the end of legal segregation in the United States.

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Brown v. the Board of Education (1954)

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Section of the 14th Amendment that guarantees that all citizens recieve "equal protection of the laws."

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equal protection clause

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Legislation passed by Congress to outlaw segregation in public facilities and racial discrimination in employment, education, and voting; created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

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Civil Rights Act of 1964

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Racial segregation that is a direct result of law or official policy.

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de jure discrimination

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Racial discrimination that results from practice (such as housing patterns or other social factors) rather than the law.

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de facto discrimination

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Federal agency created to enfocre the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which forbids discrimiation on the basis of race, creed, national origin, religion, or sex in hiring, promotion, or firing.

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Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

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Proposed amendment that would bar discrimination against women by federal or state governments.

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Equal Rights Amendment

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Category or class, such as race, that triggers the highest standard of scrutiny from the Supreme Court.

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suspect classifacation

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A heightened standard of review used by the Supreme Court to determine the consitutional valitdity of a challenged practice.

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strict scrutiny

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Provision of the Educational Amendments of 1972 that bars educational institutions recieveing federal finds from discriminationg against female students.

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Title IX

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Policies designed to give special attention or compensatory treatment to members of a previously disadvanteged group.

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affirmative action

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Federal agency created to enfocre the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which forbids discrimiation on the basis of race, creed, national origin, religion, or sex in hiring, promotion, or firing.

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Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

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Proposed amendment that would bar discrimination against women by federal or state governments.

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Equal Rights Amendment

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Category or class, such as race, that triggers the highest standard of scrutiny from the Supreme Court.

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suspect classifacation

Front 25

A heightened standard of review used by the Supreme Court to determine the consitutional valitdity of a challenged practice.

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strict scrutiny

Front 26

Provision of the Educational Amendments of 1972 that bars educational institutions recieveing federal finds from discriminationg against female students.

Back 26

Title IX

Front 27

Policies designed to give special attention or compensatory treatment to members of a previously disadvanteged group.

Back 27

affirmative action

Front 28

Federal agency created to enfocre the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which forbids discrimiation on the basis of race, creed, national origin, religion, or sex in hiring, promotion, or firing.

Back 28

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Front 29

Proposed amendment that would bar discrimination against women by federal or state governments.

Back 29

Equal Rights Amendment

Front 30

Category or class, such as race, that triggers the highest standard of scrutiny from the Supreme Court.

Back 30

suspect classifacation

Front 31

A heightened standard of review used by the Supreme Court to determine the consitutional valitdity of a challenged practice.

Back 31

strict scrutiny

Front 32

Provision of the Educational Amendments of 1972 that bars educational institutions recieveing federal finds from discriminationg against female students.

Back 32

Title IX

Front 33

Policies designed to give special attention or compensatory treatment to members of a previously disadvanteged group.

Back 33

affirmative action