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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define metabolism |
All chemical reactions that takes place inside the cell |
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Define anabolism and catabolism |
Ana-building up of molecules requires energy Cata-breaking down of molecules releases energy (Both requires enzymes) |
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Example of anabolism |
Producing sugar from Co2, making proteins from amino acid |
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Formula for photosynthesis and how much energy required |
6Co2+6H2O-->C6H126O2 18 ATP and 12 Nadph |
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Example of catabolism |
Digesting food, breaking down proteins |
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Know formula for cellular respiration and how much energy required |
C6H12O6+6O2-->6H2O+6CO2+energy 32-38 ATP (catabolism) |
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Define kinetic energy |
Energy with an object in motion |
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Defined Potential energy |
Energy from ability to do work(move) |
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Define Chemical energy |
Potential energy that is specifically stored in chemical bonds |
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Define Free energy |
Available energy after a reaction has occurred |
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Recognize graphs of endergonic and exergonic reactions |
Ender-starts down ends up Exo-starts up ends down |
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Overall changes in free energy is positive or negative in ender and exo |
Ender-positive Exo-negative |
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Which (endergonic or exergonic) required it released a net amount of energy |
Ender-requires Exo-Releases |
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Which reactions occur spontaneously most often |
Exergonic |
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What category does anabolic and catabolic fall into |
Anabolic-endergonic catabolic-exergonic |
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What activation energy is and deceive how it is affected by the use of enzymes |
Energy needed to start the reaction It's lowered by the use of a enzyme |
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Why catabolic reactions require some activation energy and where does it come from |
Usually comes from heat: so they don't happen constantly |
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Why catabolic reactions require some activation energy and where does it come from |
Usually comes from heat: so they don't happen constantly |
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Difference between open and close system and examples |
Open-can transfer energy and matter from system to its surrounding (boiling water in pot without lid) Closed-can't transfer matter but can transfer energy to its surroundings (boiling water in pot with lid) |
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Why catabolic reactions require some activation energy and where does it come from |
Usually comes from heat: so they don't happen constantly |
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Difference between open and close system and examples |
Open-can transfer energy and matter from system to its surrounding (boiling water in pot without lid) Closed-can't transfer matter but can transfer energy to its surroundings (boiling water in pot with lid) |
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1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics state about heat/energy |
1) energy can't be created or destroyed, can only changed forms 2) universe is always moving from low to high entropy (state of order to disorder) |
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Defined entropy |
Measure of disorder |
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Defined entropy |
Measure of disorder |
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3 components of an ATP molecule |
Adenine,ribose, phosphate |
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Know if breaking down ATP requires or releases energy, what does it produce |
Release energy, starts with A+P--> ADP+P |
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Know if creating ATP requires or released energy. Know the reaction |
Requires energy, anabolic |
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Know if creating ATP requires or released energy. Know the reaction |
Requires energy, anabolic |
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Know what a catalyst and what enzymes are |
Catalyst anything that speeds up a reaction Enzyme- special catalyst that speeds up biological reactions(living things) |
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Know if creating ATP requires or released energy. Know the reaction |
Requires energy, anabolic |
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Know what a catalyst and what enzymes are |
Catalyst anything that speeds up a reaction Enzyme- special catalyst that speeds up biological reactions(living things) |
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How am enzyme works to lower activation energy |
Puts molecules in an arrangement so it's easier to break down or put them together |
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Know if creating ATP requires or released energy. Know the reaction |
Requires energy, anabolic |
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Know what a catalyst and what enzymes are |
Catalyst anything that speeds up a reaction Enzyme- special catalyst that speeds up biological reactions(living things) |
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How am enzyme works to lower activation energy |
Puts molecules in an arrangement so it's easier to break down or put them together |
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What the substrate and active site are and what it means that enzymes are substrate specific |
Substrate-enzyme only works for 1 specific reaction, pieces of the chemical reaction. Active: where the substrate attaches to the enzyme |
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Know if creating ATP requires or released energy. Know the reaction |
Requires energy, anabolic |
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Know what a catalyst and what enzymes are |
Catalyst anything that speeds up a reaction Enzyme- special catalyst that speeds up biological reactions(living things) |
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How am enzyme works to lower activation energy |
Puts molecules in an arrangement so it's easier to break down or put them together |
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What the substrate and active site are and what it means that enzymes are substrate specific |
Substrate-enzyme only works for 1 specific reaction, pieces of the chemical reaction. Active: where the substrate attaches to the enzyme |
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How temp and pH affect enzymes |
Higher temps speed reaction. Too hot- enzymes become denatured and extreme pH |
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Know if creating ATP requires or released energy. Know the reaction |
Requires energy, anabolic |
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Know what a catalyst and what enzymes are |
Catalyst anything that speeds up a reaction Enzyme- special catalyst that speeds up biological reactions(living things) |
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How am enzyme works to lower activation energy |
Puts molecules in an arrangement so it's easier to break down or put them together |
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What the substrate and active site are and what it means that enzymes are substrate specific |
Substrate-enzyme only works for 1 specific reaction, pieces of the chemical reaction. Active: where the substrate attaches to the enzyme |
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How temp and pH affect enzymes |
Higher temps speed reaction. Too hot- enzymes become denatured and extreme pH |
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3 ways molecules can regulate function of enzymes |
1) competing inhibition: molecule attached to the active site so the substrate can't (stops enzyme from working) 2) allosteric inhibition and activation- molecule attached at another place to change shape of activation site, so substrate won't fit 3)allosteric- active site won't fit substrate until the activator attached and changes the shape |
