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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cell Theory |
states that all living things are made of one or more cells, the cells are the smallest unit of life, and all new cells come from preexisting cells |
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Macromolecule |
substances that form by joining many small molecules together |
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Nucleic Acid |
macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together; contain genetic information |
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Protein |
long chains of amino acid molecules |
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Lipid |
large macromolecules that do not dissolve in water |
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Carbohydrate |
one sugar molecule, two sugar molecules, or a long chain of sugar molecules |
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Cell Membrane: |
a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside of the cell |
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Cell Wall |
a stiff structure outside of the cell membrane |
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Cytoplasm |
a fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules |
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Cytoskeleton |
a network of threadlike proteins that are joined together |
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Organelle |
structures inside cells that have specialized functions, most organelles are covered by a membrane |
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Nucleus: |
the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA |
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Chloroplast |
membrane-bound organelles that use light energy and make food- a sugar called glucose- from water and carbon dioxide in a process known as photosynthesis |
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Cellular Respiration |
a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP |
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Glycolysis |
a process by which glucose, a sugar, is broken down into smaller molecules |
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Fermentation |
a reaction that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells can use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low |
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Photosynthesis |
a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) into the food-energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen (O2) |