Chapter 6: Bones And Bone Tissue

Front 1

Name the 5 functions of bone:

Back 1

1. Support
2. Protection
3. Movement
4. Storage
5. Blood cell formation

Front 2

What are the 2 types of bone called?

Back 2

1. Spongy bone

2. Compact bone

Front 3

What are 4 shape types of bone?

Back 3

1. Long bones
2. Short bones
3. Flat bones
4. Irregular bones

Front 4

The open network within spongy bone filled with bone marrow is called?

Back 4

Trabeculae

Front 5

All bones of the limb are long bones except the bones of the _, _ and _.

Back 5

Patella, wrist and ankle bones

Front 6

Long axis on long bones is called?

Back 6

Diaphysis

Front 7

Ends of lon bones are called?

Back 7

Epiphyses

Front 8

Growth area where bones lengthen. Found at the justion of the ephyses and diaphysis.

Back 8

Epiphyseal plate

Front 9

Remnant of the plate where the bone growth area used to be.

Back 9

Epiphyseal line

Front 10

the outer CT made of osteoblasts found on the diaphyses of long bone. Insertion point for ligaments and tendons.

Back 10

Periosteum

Front 11

CT that covers inernal bones surfaces incl. trabeculae and canals that pass thru compact bone.

Back 11

Endosteum

Front 12

The typeof hyaline cartilage that covers the outside epiphyses. cushions the bone ends and absorbs stress.

Back 12

Articular Cartilage

Front 13

the structural unit of bone

Back 13

osteon

Front 14

hollow tubes of collagen that make up the osteons

Back 14

lamella

Front 15

runs thru the center of the osteons and contains small blood vessels and nerve fibers

Back 15

central canal

Front 16

Connects the vascular and nerve supplies of the periosteum to the central canals and the medular cavity.

Back 16

Volkmann canals

Front 17

Osteons are present in spongy bone and compact bone, true or false?

Back 17

False

Front 18

Lamella and osteocytes are aranged in cylinder type arangement in spongy bone.
true or false?

Back 18

false. Trabeculae contain irregularly arranged lamellae and osteosytes interconnectd by canaliculi

Front 19

What organic compounds make up bones structure, flexability and tensile strength?

Back 19

osteoid(1/3)and cells

Front 20

Large rounded projection

Back 20

Tuberosity

Front 21

Narrow ridge of bone?

Back 21

Crest

Front 22

Large, blunt irregular shaped process

Back 22

Trochanter

Front 23

small rounded projection

Back 23

tubercle

Front 24

raised area on or above a condyle

Back 24

epicondyle

Front 25

sharp, slender pointed projection

Back 25

spine

Front 26

narrow neck on a bone?

Back 26

head

Front 27

round articular projection

Back 27

condyle

Front 28

armlike bar of bone

Back 28

ramus

Front 29

canal-like passageway?

Back 29

meatus

Front 30

cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

Back 30

sinus

Front 31

shallow depression

Back 31

fossa

Front 32

narrow slit-liek opening

Back 32

fissure

Front 33

round or oaval opening through a bone

Back 33

foramen

Front 34

bone breaks clean, no penetration thru skin

Back 34

simple

Front 35

broken ends penetrate skin

Back 35

compound

Front 36

boen fragments into many pieces

Back 36

comminuted

Front 37

bone is crushed

Back 37

compression

Front 38

broken bone is pressed inward

Back 38

depressed

Front 39

broken ends are forced into each other

Back 39

impacted

Front 40

ragged break when excessive twisting occurs

Back 40

spiral

Front 41

bone breaks incompletely like a greentwig

Back 41

greenstick

Front 42

What is the name of the first stage of bone repair and what occurs?

Back 42

Hematoma formation

a mass of clotted boned forms at fracture site

bone cells die, tissues swell and become painful

Front 43

What is the name and what occurs suring the second stage of bone repair?

Back 43

Fibrocartilaginous Callus Formation

Capillaries grow in the area
Macrophages clean up debris
fibroblasts produce collagen fibers that begin to conect broken ends
some fibroblasts BECOME chondroblasts which make cartilage
osteoblasts begin forming spongy bone.

Front 44

What is the name and what occurs during the 3rd stage of bone repair?

Back 44

Bony callus formation

the fibrocartilage callus is converted to hard bony callus of spongy bone by the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts
begins 3-4 weeks post injury and continues until firm 2-3 months later

Front 45

What is the name and what occurs during the 4th stage of bone repair?

Back 45

Remodeling

Excess material outside the shaft is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft.