• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/29

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Energy
ability to do work
kinetic energy
the energy of motion
potential energy
stored energy
energy can take many forms
mechanical, heat, chemical, electrical, light
cells and organisms
need a constant supply of energy
Sunlight is used to make what?
glucose
What is potential energy within the bonds of organic molecules like glucose?
Chemical energy
Energy flows in how many directions?
ONE
Two Laws of Thermodynamics
Law of conservation of energy

Law of Increased Entropy
Relative amount of disorganization
Entropy
The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Metabolism
Catabolism
breaking down molecules
Anabolism
building molecules
Free Energy (Delta G)
amount of energy available
Exergonic reactions
release energy
Delta G is negative
products have LESS free energy then reactants
spontaneous
Endergonic reactions
require an input of energy
Delta G is positive
products have MORE free energy then reactants
ATP
adenosine triphosphate
(energy currency for cells)
What is a nucleotide composed of?
nitrogen base
5-carbon sugar
3 phosphate
Coupled Reactions
The energy released by an exergonic reaction is used to drive an endergonic reaction
ATP can be used for what 3 types of work?
chemical (powers anabolism)
transport (powers membrane)
mechanical (muscles contact, cilia &flagella)
Proteins that function to speed up a chemical reaction
Enzymes
reactant in an enzymatic reaction
substrate
series of linked reactions is called
metabolic pathways
Product of one reaction becomes the __________ of the next reaction?
substrate
Enzyme equation
E + S -----> E.S. complex ----->Product + E
What are the factors that affect enzymatic reaction rate?
Substrate Concentration
Temp
pH
Enzyme Activation
Enzyme Inhibition
Oxidation
is the loss of hydrogen ions and electron
Reduction
is the gain of hydrogen ions and electron
Photosynthesis summer equation
Energy + 6CO2 + 6H20 ------> C6 12H2O 06+6O2