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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of Muscles
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-cardiac -smooth -skeletal |
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Muscle Fibers are..
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elongated, rod-shaped cells that form skeletal muscles made of myofibrils
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Myofibrils
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made of sarcomeres
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Sarcomeres
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basic unit of muscle contractions -made of two proteins: Actin(thin filament) and Myosin(thick filament) |
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Types of muscle contractions
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-isotonic concentric: when muscle contracts to shorten -isotonic eccentric: when muscle generates tension but lengthens -isometric: muscle exerts force to counteract opposing force |
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Proprioceptors are..
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specialized sensory receptors found in joints, muscles and tendons
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Muscle Spindles are...
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proprioceptors made of mtpl modified muscle fibers enclosed in a blanket of connective tissue
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Factors related to strength:
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-neural control -muscle size -muscle length |
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Neural Control:
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muscle force is greater when: -more motor units are involves in a contraction -motor units are bigger -motor units fire at a faster rate *most gains are made in the first few weeks due to neural adaptations |
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Muscle size
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force a muscle can generate is related to its size
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Muscle Length
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muscles generates its greatest force @ its resting length (bc actin+myosin fibers lie next to each-other+potentioal crossbridges are exposed)
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Fast twitch
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-ATP is produces @ faster rate -contract quickly+produce great force -fatigue quickly -work anaerobically |
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Slow twitch
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-more mitochondria+capillaries for O2 delivery -contract slow+smaller force -resistant to fatigue -work aerobically |
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Benefits of Resistance training:
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-increased strength -CNS+PNS systems strengthen -postural stability -injury prevention -c integrity -muscle memory |
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Increased strength due to:
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-muscle fiber size -muscle contractile strenght -coordination among muscle groups -tendons+ligament contractile strength -bone strength |
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Muscular Strength
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max amount of force that a muscle/muscle group can exert
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Muscular Power
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explosiveness of strength (power=force x distance)
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Muscular Endurance
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ability to repeatedly exert force over a period of time
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