Chapter 6

Front 1

Resolving Power

Back 1

the ability of a microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument to produce separate images of closely placed objects

Front 2

Cell Fractionation

Back 2

A laboratory technique that uses differential centrifugation to separate the different components of the cell, resulting in nuclear, mitochondrial, microsomal, and soluble fractions

Front 3

Plasma Membrane

Back 3

The cell’s outer membrane made up of a two layers of phospholipids with embedded proteins. It separates the contents of the cell from its outside environment, and it regulates what enters and exits the cell.

Front 4

Nucleolus

Back 4

small rounded body within cell nucleus: a small round body inside a cell nucleus, composed of protein and RNA and associated with the formation of ribosomes and ribosomal RNA

Front 5

Rough ER

Back 5

eukaryotic organelle that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles, and cisternae within cells
synthesize proteins,

Front 6

Contractile Vacuole

Back 6

cell cavity that can contract: a membrane-surrounded cavity within a cell that regulates the water content of the cell by absorbing water and then contracting to expel it

Front 7

Chloroplast

Back 7

part of plant cell containing chlorophyll: a membranous sac plastid that contains chlorophyll and other pigments and is the place where photosynthesis occurs within the cells of plants and algae. While plant cells contain numerous chloroplasts, algal cells often have just one. Each consists of interconnected stacks of disk-shaped membranes in fluid, surrounded by a double membrane.

Front 8

Stroma

Back 8

interior of chloroplast: the fluid-filled interior of a chloroplast containing enzymes and other components required for photosynthesis, including the light-trapping components

Front 9

Flagella

Back 9

slender cellular appendage: a long thin tapering outgrowth of the cells of many microorganisms such as protozoans, that is a means of locomotion

Front 10

Plasmodesmata

Back 10

fine strand of cytoplasm connecting cells: a very fine thread of cytoplasm that in some plants passes through openings in the walls of adjacent cells and forms a living bridge between them

Front 11

Organelle

Back 11

cell part: a specialized part of a cell that has its own function, e.g. the nucleus or the mitochondrion

Front 12

Cytoplasm

Back 12

cell material excluding nucleus: the complex of chemical compounds and structures within a plant or animal cell excluding the nucleus. Cytoplasm contains the cytosol, organelles, vesicles, and cytoskeleton.

Front 13

Nucleus

Back 13

central part of living cell: the central body, usually spherical, within a eukaryotic cell, that is a membrane-encased mass of protoplasm containing the chromosomes and other genetic information necessary to control cell growth and reproduction

Front 14

Ribosome

Back 14

cluster of proteins and RNA: a submicroscopic cluster of proteins and RNA, occurring in great numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells, that takes part in the manufacture of proteins

Front 15

Golgi Apparatus

Back 15

structure in cytoplasm: a membranous structure in the cytoplasm of cells consisting of layers of flattened sacs and functioning in the processing and transporting of proteins

Front 16

Central Vacuole

Back 16

Vacuoles are found in the cytoplasm of most plant cells and some animal cells. Vacuoles are membrane-bound compartments that can serve a variety of secretory, excretory, and storage functions. Vacuoles and their contents are considered to be distinct from the cytoplasm, and are classified as ergastic according to some authors. Vacuoles are especially conspicuous in most plant cells.
Its located in the middle of the cell.

Front 17

Cristae

Back 17

The infoldings or inward projections of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, which are studded with proteins and increase the surface area for chemical reactions to occur like cellular respiration.

Front 18

Cytoskeleton

Back 18

cell framework: the internal network of protein filaments and microtubules in an animal or plant cell that controls the cell's shape and movement

Front 19

Cilia

Back 19

microscopic projection on cell: a tiny projecting thread, found with many others on a cell or microscopic organism, that beats rhythmically to aid the movement of a fluid past the cell or movement of the organism through liquid

Front 20

Tight Junction

Back 20

region between cell membranes: the region between the membranes of tightly packed adjacent cells that fuses the cells together and provides a selective barrier to the passage of material by diffusion