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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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polar molecule
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oppositely charged region
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hydrogen bond
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weak interaction involving hydrogen aton and a fluorine, oxyden, or nitrogen atom
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mixture
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a combo of 2 or more substances in which each has chacteristics and prop.
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solution
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another name for homogenous mixture
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solute
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substance that is dissolved in the solvent
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solvent
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a substance in which another substance is dissolved
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acids
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substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
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bases
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substances that release hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
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PH
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the measure of concentration H+ in a solution
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buffers
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are mixtures that can react with acids and bases to keep the Ph within a particular range
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macromolecules
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large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together
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polymers
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are molecules made from repeating units of idenical compounds called monomers that are linked by a series of covalent bonds
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carbohydrates
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compounds of carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms for each carbon
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lipids
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molecules made of carbon and hydrogen, make up fats, oils, and waxes
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protein
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a compound made of small carbon compounds called amino acids
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amino acids
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small compounds that are made of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur
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nucleic acids
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complex macromolecules that store and transmit genetic info
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nucleotide
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shows basic structure of a nucleotide and nucleic acid
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chemical reaction
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the process by which atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances
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reactants
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the starting substance
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products
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the substances formed during the reaction
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activation energy
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minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction
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catalyst
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a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction
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enzymes
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special proteins that are the biological catalysts that speed up a chemical reaction
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substrates
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the reactants that bind to the enzyme
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active site
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the specific location where a substance binds on an enzyme
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