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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms |
Macromolecules |
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A long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks |
Polymer |
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The repeating units that serve as building blocks |
Monomers |
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When 2 monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule |
Dehydration reaction |
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Polymers are disassembled to monomers due to the addition of water |
Hydrolysis |
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Specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions such as those that make or break down polymers |
Enzymes |
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Sugars and the polymers of sugars |
Carbohydrates |
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Simplest carbohydratesOr, simple sugars |
Monosaccharides |
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Carbohydrate macromolecules ORPolymers compised of many sugar building blocks. |
Polysaccharides |
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A tightly packed and hard to digest |
Cellulose |
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Coiled and may be branched and is easier to digest |
Starch |
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Coiled with extensive branching and is even easier to digest |
Glycogen |
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Where plants store surplus starch as granules |
Amyoplast |
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Have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and NO double bonds in the carbon chain. |
Saturated fatty acids |
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Have one or more double bonds in the carbon chain. |
Unsaturated fatty acids |
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Polymers built from amino acids |
Polypeptide chains |
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A biologically functional molecule that consists of one or more polypeptides |
Protein |
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Organic molecules with carboxyl and amino groups |
Amino acids |
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The loss of a protiens native structure |
Denaturation |
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Protein molecules that assist the proper folding of other proteins |
Chaperonins or Chaperones |
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The monomers that make the polymers of nucleic acids |
Nucleotides |
