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60 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

gastr/o

stomach
intest/o
intestines
-al

pertaining to

abdomin/o
abdomen
lapar/o
abdomen
peristalsis
The coordinated serial contraction of smooth muscle by which the alimentary canal and other tubular organs with longitudinal and circular muscle fibers propel their contents.

peri- = surrounding
-stalsis = contraction
peri-
surrounding
-stalsis
contraction
ingestion

the intake of food

digestion
the breakdown of food
absorption
the process of extracting nutrients
elimination
the excretion of waste products
gastrointestinal system
Also known as the alimentary canal
alimentary canal
tubelike structure, starting at the mouth and continuing in varying diameters to the anus.
enter/o
small intestine
exodontist
dentist specializing in the extraction of teeth

exo- outside
odont/o teeth
-ist one who specializes
proct/o

rectum and anus

deglutition
swallowing
hard palate
anterior roof of mouth
soft palate
posterior roof of mouth
Teeth # permanent
32
uvula
In general anatomic terminology, any pendent, fleshy mass. The term is more commonly used alone to denote the uvula palatina, the cone-shaped process suspended in the back of the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate.
parotid salavary gland
near the ear
submandibular salivary gland
under the lower jaw
sublingual
under tongue
pharynx
tube that connects oral cavity to esophagus. The musculomembranous tubular structure extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus, located in front of the cervical vertebrae; serves as the passage between the posterior nares and mouth and the larynx and esophagus. Also called throat.
larynx
The organ of voice, a musculocartilaginous structure connected to the superior part of the trachea and to the pharynx inferior to the tongue and hyoid bone. Serves as the essential sphincter guarding entry into the trachea.
maxilla
upper jaw
mandible
lower jaw
parotid
par- = near
ot/o = ear
-id = pertaining to

e.g. parotid salivary gland
bolus
masticated lump of food
LES
lower esophageal sphincter

AKA: gastroesophageal sphincter or cardiac sphincter
lower esophageal sphincter
muscle relaxes to allow bolus into stomach
bucc/o
cheek
cheil/o
lips
stomat/o
mouth, oral cavity
stom/o
mouth, oral cavity
pyloric stenosis
A narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the stomach outlet, resulting in a blockage of the passage of food into the small intestine. Also called pylorostenosis. Causes projectile vomiting, usually infant boys
emesis
Vomiting
cholecystectomy
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
sialaden/o
salivary gland
sialadenitis
Inflammation of a salivary gland. Also called sialitis.
gingiv/o
gums
gloss/o
tongue
lingu/o
tongue
odont/o
teeth
bol/o
bolus (masticated lump of food)
sial/o
saliva
rugae
Plural of ruga; a wrinkle, ridge, or fold, as of the mucous membrane of an organ or structure.
fundus
The bottom, base, or deepest part of an organ
pylorus

AKA gastric atrum
The narrow distal opening of the stomach, surrounded by a thick band of circular muscle (the pyloric sphincter), through which the stomach contents are emptied into the duodenum. The term is sometimes used to denote other structures, such as the pyloric portion of the stomach, the pyloric canal, the pyloric opening, and the pyloric antrum.
cholecystectomy
removal of the gallbladder
Choledoc/o
Combining form denoting relationship to the comon bile duct.
The orange-yellow bile pigment, primarily the product of the breakdown of hemoglobin in erythrocytes at the end of their normal lifespan.
bilirubin
cholecystokinin
hormone causing contraction of gallbladder to move bile out into cystic duct.

cholecyst/o = gallbladder
=kinin = movement substance
Bile
The greenish yellow fluid secreted by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and deposited in the small intestine by way of the bile ducts. Consists of bilirubin and cholesterol
adnexa
accessory organs: Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
organ with two lobes, located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, inferior to the diaphragm
liver
hepat/o
liver
cholangi/o
bile vessel