Chapter 5 - Integumentary System

Front 1

includes the skin and it's derovatives, first line of defense

Back 1

integumentary system

Front 2

1) regulation of body temperature 2) protection through physical, chemical, and biological barriers 3) reception of sensory stimuli 4) minor role in excretion 5) synthesis in vitamin D

Back 2

Functions of integumentary system

Front 3

consists of different tissues that are joined together to perform specific functions, largest organ of the body

Back 3

Skin

Front 4

another name for skin

Back 4

Cutaneous Membrane

Front 5

Skin it the only _____ place in the body

Back 5

keratinized

Front 6

superficial part of the skin

Back 6

epidermis

Front 7

deeper layer of skin

Back 7

dermis

Front 8

below the dermis

Back 8

subcutaeous layer or hypodermis

Front 9

consists of areolar and adipose tissue and serves as an are for fat storage, blood vessel passage, and pressure nerve endings

Back 9

subcutaneous layer

Front 10

composed of stratified squamous epithelium and contains 4 distinct types of cells

Back 10

epidermis

Front 11

type of cell in epidermis that produces keratin and lamellar granules which protect and waterproof

Back 11

keratinocytes

Front 12

type of cell in epidermis that prodduces melanin which abosrbs damaging UV light

Back 12

melanocytes

Front 13

type of cell in epidermis the participate in immune reponse

Back 13

Langerhans

Front 14

type of cell in epidermis that contact a tactile (Merkel) disc and function in touch sensation

Back 14

Merkel

Front 15

contains stem cells capable of forming new cells

Back 15

Stratum Basale

Front 16

provides strength and flexibility

Back 16

Stratum spinosum

Front 17

shows formation of waterproof sealant between cells and marks transition from living and dead cells

Back 17

Stratum granulosum

Front 18

is present only in fingers, palms and soles, it contain more collagen than other places, dead

Back 18

stratum lucidum

Front 19

consists of dead cells

Back 19

stratum corneum

Front 20

replacement of cell contents with the protein keratin, occurs as cells move to the skin surface over 2 to 4 weeks

Back 20

keratinization

Front 21

hormone that stimulates growth of epidermis and fibroblasts of comnnective tissue

Back 21

epidermal growth factor

Front 22

composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers and has 2 regions

Back 22

dermis

Front 23

upper layer consisting of areolar connective tissue containg elastic fibers, blood vessels, dermal papillae, corpuscles of touch, and free nerve endings for sensations of heat, cold, pain, tickle, and itch

Back 23

papillary region

Front 24

deeper layer consisting of dense irregular connective tissue containg bundles of collagen and elastic fibers, spaces between fibers may contain hair follicles, adipose cells, sebaceous glands and ducts of sudoriferous glands

Back 24

reticular region

Front 25

due to melanin in the epidermis, carotene in the dermis, and blood in the dermal cappillaries

Back 25

skin color

Front 26

typically reflect contours of the underlying dermis and increase friction for better grasping and gripping

Back 26

epidermal ridges

Front 27

hair glands and nails

Back 27

epidermal derivatives

Front 28

present on skin except palms, palmar surfaces of digits, soles and plantar surfaces of digits

Back 28

hair (Pili)

Front 29

hair grows with better blood supply (T/F)

Back 29

True

Front 30

protection, insulation, sensing light touch

Back 30

functions of hair

Front 31

above the surface ( visible surface)

Back 31

hair shaft

Front 32

part of hair that penetrates the dermis

Back 32

root

Front 33

part of hair that penetrates the subcutaneous layer

Back 33

cuticle

Front 34

surround the hair root

Back 34

hair follicle

Front 35

new hairs develop form cell division of the _____ in the bulb

Back 35

matrix

Front 36

1) Growing stage
2) Resting stage

Back 36

2 stages of hair growth

Front 37

hair color is due to the ____ and ____ of melanin

Back 37

amount; type

Front 38

normal hair loss is _____

Back 38

70 to 100 hairs a day

Front 39

connected to ahir follicles and absent on palms and soles, secrete oil, all hair follicles have one

Back 39

sebacious (oil) glands

Front 40

moistens and waterproofs skin, inhibits growth of bacteria and fungi, contains cholesterol, proteins, fats and salts

Back 40

sebum

Front 41

inflames sebum glands may produce blackheads, pimples, or boils (T/F)

Back 41

True

Front 42

glands that produce sweat, divided into apocrine and eccrine types

Back 42

sudoriferous glands

Front 43

have extensive distribution and their ducts open at the surface of the epidermis, main function is to help regulate body temperature through evaportaion, also eliminate a small amount of waste to the surface

Back 43

eccrine sweat glands

Front 44

limited to the skin of the axilla, groin, areola, and bearded region of the face, their ducts open into the hair follicles and they are triggered by stress response

Back 44

apocrine sweat glands

Front 45

modified sudoriferous glans that produce a waxy substance called cerumen, found in external auditory meatus ad prevents entrance of foreign particles

Back 45

ceruminous glands

Front 46

hard keratinized epidermal cells over dorsal surface of the terminal portions of fingers and toes

Back 46

nails

Front 47

body, free edge, root. lunula, eponychium and matrix

Back 47

main parts of the nails

Front 48

cell division of _____ produces new nail

Back 48

matrix

Front 49

help in grasping and manipulating small objects and provide protection to the ends of digits

Back 49

function of nails

Front 50

average nail growth

Back 50

1mm per week

Front 51

blood clot unites with wound edges, vasodilation and increased permeability of blodd vessels deliver phagocytes and fibroblasts form

Back 51

inflammatory phase

Front 52

epithelial cells beneath scab bridge the wound, fibroblasts synthesize scar tissue, damaged blood vessels begin regrowth granulation tissue fills the wound

Back 52

migratory phase

Front 53

events of the migratory phase intensify

Back 53

proliferative phase

Front 54

scabs sloguh off normal thickness of epidermis collagen fibers become organized fibroblasts disappear and blood vessels return to normal

Back 54

maturation phase

Front 55

inflammation of the sebacious glands

Back 55

acne

Front 56

result of excessive exposure to sunlight

Back 56

skin cancer

Front 57

1) Basal cell Carcinoma (rare metas.)
2)Squamous cell Carcinnoma (may metas.)
3)Malignant melanome (rapidly metas.)

Back 57

3 types of skin cancer

Front 58

epidermis surface burn

Back 58

1st degree burn

Front 59

epidermis and dermis burn

Back 59

2nd degree burn

Front 60

epidermis, dermis,and epidermal derivatives

Back 60

3rd degree burn