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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain why the environment has an important role in development.
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Environmental factors, in addition to genetic factors, are involved in the development of type 1 diabetes and fetal alcohol syndrome.Type 1 diabetes results when an individual's immune system is deceived to act against one's own tissue. FAS is a developmental disorder, where the normal development path of the brain is altered by a prenatal exposure to alochol.
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Insulin is produced by the _____ of the pancreas.
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beta cells
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_____is a hormone that signals glucose uptake by body cells, thus reducing blood glucose levels.
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ingesting carbohydrates
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_____ is the hormone that is involved in increasing the blood glucose levels.
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glucagon
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In less than 50% of identical twins where one develops type 1 diabetes does the other develop the disease as well because it is a multifactorial polygenetic disorder. Explain what this means in terms of diabetes.
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Environmental factors, in addition to genetic factors are involved in the development of the disease. The genetic factors predispose an individual to the formation of the disease, but the actual development of type 1 diabetes requires an external trigger.
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A child is born with a defective heart due to an error in gastrulation. This error had to have occurred in the_____.
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2 weeks after the formation of the zygote.
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After the egg is fertilized, the resulting cell is known as _____.
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zygote
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A zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division, resulting in a ball of cells known as a _____.
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morula
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A _____is formed when the morula is transformed into a hallow ball of cells.
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blasocyst
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_____is the process where cells of the blastocyst begin to flow inwards to the other side of the blastocyst, resulting in three distinct layers of cells.
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mitosis
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Describe the process of blastulation.
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Cell differentiation begins after the morula is transormed into a ball of cells with a hollow interior. The cells need to be stimulated by appropriate chemical and environmental factors. By the end of blastulation, the blastocyst has passed from the fallopian tube into the uterus and is now called an embryo.
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List the three layers of cells developed during gastrulation.
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Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
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