Chapter 5 And 6

Front 1

Outer rings of xylem that still transport xylem sap

Back 1

Sapwood

Front 2

Fibrous, durable wood, often from dicot trees such as hickory, maple, and oak

Back 2

Hardwood

Front 3

Of lumber, refers to the sizes of the cells in the xylem and phloem and to the sizes of growth rings: maybe coarse, fine, or uneven

Back 3

Texture

Front 4

Secondary growth, or tissue that produces new dermal tissue; Also known as phellogen.

Back 4

Cork Cambium

Front 5

A secondary meristem that produces secondary xylem and secondary phloem.

Back 5

Vascular Cambium

Front 6

A small opening in the thin cork layer of outer bark of stems and roots that allows gas exchange

Back 6

Lenticel

Front 7

The science of tree-ring dating and climate interpretation

Back 7

Dendrochronology

Front 8

Produced by trimming a tangential cut of lumber.

Back 8

Plain-Sawed Board

Front 9

Removal of the entire bark in a complete ring around the tree. disrupts phloem transport and kills the tree

Back 9

Girdling

Front 10

Consists of dead tissue including dead secondary phloem and all the layers of periderm outside of the most recent cork cambium

Back 10

Outer Bark

Front 11

The direction of a lumber cut that passes longitudinally through the center of the stem

Back 11

Radial Cut

Front 12

The ratio of a wood's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water at room temperature

Back 12

Specific Gravity

Front 13

Of lumber, the overall alignment of the conducting cells of xylem; can be straight grained, cross grained, spiral grained, or interlocking grained

Back 13

Grain

Front 14

A thin lumber section, produced by an angled continuous tangential cut

Back 14

Veneer

Front 15

A thin layer of living parenchyma cells that forms to the inside of each cork cambium layer

Back 15

Phelloderm

Front 16

Direction of a lumber cut that is longitudinal but crosses the radius at a right angle instead of passing through the center of the stem

Back 16

Tangential Cut

Front 17

Tissue consisting of living secondary phloem, dead phloem between the vascular cambium and the currently active, innermost cork cambium, and any remaining cortex

Back 17

Inner Bark

Front 18

Tissue that forms to the outside of the cork cambium and consists of dead cells when mature

Back 18

Cork

Front 19

An initial that arises within vascular bundles and produces new xylem and phloem cells

Back 19

Fusiform Initial

Front 20

All tissues outside the vascular cambium; the part of a stem or root surrounding the wood

Back 20

Bark

Front 21

The amount of matter per a unit of volume, realted to a wood's hardness

Back 21

Density

Front 22

Waterproof, fatty substance that coats and impregnates cork cell walls

Back 22

Suberin

Front 23

Produced by trimming a radial cut of lumber

Back 23

Quarter-Sawed Board

Front 24

The extent to which wood is resistant to breakdown and decay by fungi, bacteria, and insects

Back 24

Durability

Front 25

The percent of water by weight in wood

Back 25

Water Content

Front 26

Tension or compression wood that develops trunks or branches that are leaning

Back 26

Reaction Wood

Front 27

Secondary xylem

Back 27

Wood

Front 28

Wood with few fibers and no vessels, typically conifers

Back 28

Softwood

Front 29

A direction of cutting lumber to give a circular cross section

Back 29

Transverse Cut

Front 30

Older, nonconducting rings of xylem at the center of a tree's trunk or roots

Back 30

Heartwood

Front 31

An initial that arises between vascular bundles; often cube shaped

Back 31

Ray Initial

Front 32

The section of a gene that interrupts or seperates coding regions

Back 32

Intron

Front 33

A group of petals on a flower

Back 33

Corolla

Front 34

Also called a grain; a single dry, indehiscent, achene-like fruit with a hard pericarp joined firmly to the seet coat

Back 34

Caryopsis

Front 35

An irregular flower, typically bisymmetrical

Back 35

Zygomorphic

Front 36

The first two stages of gamete cell division; results in cells with half the number of chromosones in the orginal cell

Back 36

Meiosis 1

Front 37

A dry, dehiscent fruit produced in the mustard family; consists of two carpels that split into two halves, with the seeds found on a central partition between the halves

Back 37

Silique