Chapter 5

Front 1

stress

Back 1

defined as a psychological response to demands that possess certain stakes and that tax or exceed a persons capacity or resources

Front 2

stressors

Back 2

the demands that cause people to experience stress

Front 3

strains

Back 3

the negative consequences that occur when demands tax or exceed one's capacity or resources

Front 4

transactional theory of stress

Back 4

explains how stressors are perceived and appraised as well as how people respond to those perceptions and appraisals

Front 5

primary appraisal

Back 5

this is triggered when people first encounter stressors; it occurs as people evaluate the significance and the meaning of the stressors they are confronting

Front 6

benign job demands

Back 6

job demands that tend not to be appraised as stressful

Front 7

hinderance stressors

Back 7

stressful demands that are perceived as hindering progress toward personal accomplishments or goal attainment

Front 8

challenge stressors

Back 8

stressful demands that are perceived as opportunities for learning, growth, and achievement

Front 9

role conflict

Back 9

refers to conflicting expectations that other people may have of us.

Front 10

role ambiguity

Back 10

refers to a lack of information about what needs to be done in a role, as well as unpredictability regarding the consequences of performance in that role

Front 11

role overload

Back 11

occurs when the number of demanding roles a person holds is so high that the person simply cannot perform some or all of the roles effectively

Front 12

daily hassles

Back 12

reflects the relatively minor day-to-day demands that get in the way of accomplishing the things that we really want to accomplish

Front 13

time pressure

Back 13

refers to a strong sense that the amount of time you have to do a task is just not quite enough

Front 14

work complexity

Back 14

refers to the degree to which the requirements of the work, in terms of knowledge, skills and abilities, tax or exceed the capabilities of the person who is responsible for performing the work

Front 15

work responsibility

Back 15

refers to the nature of the obligations that a person has toward others

Front 16

work-family conflict

Back 16

refers to a special form of role conflict in which the demands of a work role hinder the fulfillment of the demands in a family role

Front 17

negative life events

Back 17

they hinder the ability to achieve life goals and are associated with negative emotions

Front 18

financial uncertainty

Back 18

refers to conditions that create uncertainties with regard to the loss of livelihood, savings, or the ability to pay expenses

Front 19

family time demands

Back 19

refer to the time that a person commits to participate in an array of family activities and responsibilities

Front 20

personal development

Back 20

participation in formal education programs, music lessons, sports related training, hobby related self education, volunteer work

Front 21

positive life events

Back 21

marriage, pregnancy, etc are all stressful in their own way but they are associated with positive emtions

Front 22

secondary appraisal

Back 22

center on the issue of how people cope with the various stressors they face

Front 23

coping

Back 23

refers to the behaviors and thoughts that people use to manage both the stressful demands they face and the emotions associated with them

Front 24

behavioral coping

Back 24

involves the set of physical activities that are used to deal with a stressful situation

Front 25

cognitive coping

Back 25

refers to the thoughts that are involved in trying to deal with a stressful situation

Front 26

problem-focused coping

Back 26

refers to behaviors and cognitions intended to manage the stressful situation itself

Front 27

emotion-focused coping

Back 27

refers to the various ways in which people manage their own emotional reactions to stressful demands

Front 28

physiological strains

Back 28

result from stressors occur in at least four system of the human body

Front 29

psychological strains

Back 29

results from stressors include depression, anxiety, anger, hostility, etc

Front 30

burnout

Back 30

the emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion that results from having to cope with stressful demands on an ongoing basis

Front 31

behavioral strains

Back 31

unhealthy behaviors such as grinding your teeth at night, being overly critical and bossy, excessive smoking, etc

Front 32

General Adaption Syndrome (GAS)

Back 32

suggests that the body has a set of responses that allow it to adapt and function effectively in the face of stressful demands

Front 33

type A behavior pattern

Back 33

have a strong sense of time urgency and tend to be impatient, hard-driving, competitive, controlling, aggressive, and even hostile

Front 34

social support

Back 34

refers to the help that people receive when they're confronted with stressful demands

Front 35

instrumental support

Back 35

refers to the help people receive that can be used to address the stressful demand directly.

Front 36

emotional support

Back 36

refers to the help people receive in addressing the emotional distress that accompanies stressful demands

Front 37

stress audit

Back 37

managers ask questions about the nature of the jobs in their organization to estimate whether high stress levels may be a problem

Front 38

job sharing

Back 38

occurs when two people share the responsibilities of a single job to reduce role overload

Front 39

sabbatical

Back 39

gives the employee the opportunity to take time off from work to engage in an alternative activity

Front 40

training interventions

Back 40

aimed at increasing job-related competencies and skills

Front 41

supportive practices

Back 41

help employees manage and balance the demands that exist in the different roles they have