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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
stress
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defined as a psychological response to demands that possess certain stakes and that tax or exceed a persons capacity or resources
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stressors
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the demands that cause people to experience stress
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strains
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the negative consequences that occur when demands tax or exceed one's capacity or resources
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transactional theory of stress
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explains how stressors are perceived and appraised as well as how people respond to those perceptions and appraisals
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primary appraisal
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this is triggered when people first encounter stressors; it occurs as people evaluate the significance and the meaning of the stressors they are confronting
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benign job demands
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job demands that tend not to be appraised as stressful
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hinderance stressors
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stressful demands that are perceived as hindering progress toward personal accomplishments or goal attainment
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challenge stressors
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stressful demands that are perceived as opportunities for learning, growth, and achievement
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role conflict
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refers to conflicting expectations that other people may have of us.
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role ambiguity
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refers to a lack of information about what needs to be done in a role, as well as unpredictability regarding the consequences of performance in that role
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role overload
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occurs when the number of demanding roles a person holds is so high that the person simply cannot perform some or all of the roles effectively
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daily hassles
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reflects the relatively minor day-to-day demands that get in the way of accomplishing the things that we really want to accomplish
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time pressure
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refers to a strong sense that the amount of time you have to do a task is just not quite enough
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work complexity
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refers to the degree to which the requirements of the work, in terms of knowledge, skills and abilities, tax or exceed the capabilities of the person who is responsible for performing the work
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work responsibility
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refers to the nature of the obligations that a person has toward others
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work-family conflict
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refers to a special form of role conflict in which the demands of a work role hinder the fulfillment of the demands in a family role
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negative life events
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they hinder the ability to achieve life goals and are associated with negative emotions
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financial uncertainty
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refers to conditions that create uncertainties with regard to the loss of livelihood, savings, or the ability to pay expenses
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family time demands
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refer to the time that a person commits to participate in an array of family activities and responsibilities
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personal development
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participation in formal education programs, music lessons, sports related training, hobby related self education, volunteer work
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positive life events
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marriage, pregnancy, etc are all stressful in their own way but they are associated with positive emtions
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secondary appraisal
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center on the issue of how people cope with the various stressors they face
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coping
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refers to the behaviors and thoughts that people use to manage both the stressful demands they face and the emotions associated with them
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behavioral coping
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involves the set of physical activities that are used to deal with a stressful situation
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cognitive coping
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refers to the thoughts that are involved in trying to deal with a stressful situation
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problem-focused coping
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refers to behaviors and cognitions intended to manage the stressful situation itself
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emotion-focused coping
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refers to the various ways in which people manage their own emotional reactions to stressful demands
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physiological strains
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result from stressors occur in at least four system of the human body
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psychological strains
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results from stressors include depression, anxiety, anger, hostility, etc
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burnout
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the emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion that results from having to cope with stressful demands on an ongoing basis
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behavioral strains
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unhealthy behaviors such as grinding your teeth at night, being overly critical and bossy, excessive smoking, etc
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General Adaption Syndrome (GAS)
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suggests that the body has a set of responses that allow it to adapt and function effectively in the face of stressful demands
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type A behavior pattern
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have a strong sense of time urgency and tend to be impatient, hard-driving, competitive, controlling, aggressive, and even hostile
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social support
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refers to the help that people receive when they're confronted with stressful demands
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instrumental support
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refers to the help people receive that can be used to address the stressful demand directly.
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emotional support
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refers to the help people receive in addressing the emotional distress that accompanies stressful demands
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stress audit
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managers ask questions about the nature of the jobs in their organization to estimate whether high stress levels may be a problem
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job sharing
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occurs when two people share the responsibilities of a single job to reduce role overload
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sabbatical
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gives the employee the opportunity to take time off from work to engage in an alternative activity
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training interventions
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aimed at increasing job-related competencies and skills
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supportive practices
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help employees manage and balance the demands that exist in the different roles they have
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