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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Newton
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Si unit of force = 1 kgm/s2
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pressure
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force applied per unit area
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pascal
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one newton per square meter
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atmospheric pressure
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the pressure exerted by earth's atmosphere
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barometer
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instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure
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standard atmospheric pressure
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the pressure that supports a column of mercury exactly 760 mm high at 0C at sea level
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manometer
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a device used to measure the pressure of gases other than atmosphere
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Boyle's law
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the pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas
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absolute zero
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theoretically the lowest attainable temperature
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Kelvin temperature scale
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absolute zero as the starting point
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Charles's law
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the volume of a fized amount of gas maintined at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas
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Avogadro's law
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constant pressure and temperature, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas present
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R
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the proportionality constant
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ideal gas equation
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describes the relationship among the four variables P, V, T, and n
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ideal gas
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a hypothetical gas whose pressure-volume-temperature behavior can be completely accounted for by the ideal gas equation
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standard temperature and pressure
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the conditions 0C and 1 atm
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partial pressure
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the pressures of individual gas component in the mizture
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Dalton's law of partial pressures
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the total pressure of a mixture of gases is just the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were present alone
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mole fraction
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a dimensionless quantity that expresses the ratio of the number of moles of one component to the number of moles of all components present
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Joule
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SI unit of energy =1kgm2/s2
=1Nm |
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Kinetic energy
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energy of motion
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kinetic molecular theory of gases
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a number of generalizations about gas behavior
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root-mean-square speed
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average molecular speed
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diffusion
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the gradual mixing of molecules of one gas with molecules of another by virtue of their kinetic properties
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Grahams law of diffusion
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states that under the same conditions of temperature an pressure, rates of diffusion for gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their molar masses
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effusion
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the process by which a gas under pressure escapes from one compartment of a container to another by passing through a small opening
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van der Waals equation
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equation relating P, V, T, and n for a nonideal gas
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Boyles law for calculating pressure of volume changes
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P1V1=P2V2
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Charles law for calculating temperature or volume changes
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V1/T1=V2/T2
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Charles law for calculating temperature or pressure changes
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P1/T1=P2/T2
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Avogadro's Law. Constant P and T
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V=k4n
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