Chapter 49 Sensory Alteration

Front 1

HEARING AUDITORY; touch tactile; smell olfactory; taste gustatory; and kinestehtic m______

Back 1

movement

Front 2

Stereognosis is a sense that allows a person to recognize the size, shape, and te______ of an object.

Back 2

texture

Front 3

Ability to speak is not a sense but sim+++++

Back 3

similar

Front 4

if pts feel depersonalized and are unable to receive meaningful stimuli serious sensory alterations sometimes dev_______

Back 4

develop

Front 5

NORMAL HEARING AND VISION EAR TRANSMITS TO THE BRAIN AN ACCURATE PATTERN OF ALL SOUNDS RECEIVED FROM THE ENVIRON______ THE RELATIVE INTENSITY OF THESE SOUNDS AND THE DIRECTION FROM WHICH THEY ORIGINATE.

Back 5

ENVIRONMENT

Front 6

TWO EARS PROVIDE STEREOPHONIC HEARING TO JUDGE SOUND DIR_______

Back 6

DIRECTION

Front 7

THE EXTERNAL EAR CANAL SHELTERS THE EAR DRUM AND MAINTAINS RELATIVELY CONSTANT TEMP+++++ AND HUMIDITY TO MAINTAIN ELASTICITY.

Back 7

TEMPERATURE

Front 8

THE MIDDLE EAR IS AN AIR CONTAINING SPACE BETWEEN THE EARDRUM AND THE OVAL W______ CONTAINS 3 SMALL BONES: OSS______

Back 8

WINDOW
OSSICLES

Front 9

THE EARDRUM AND OSSICLES TRANSFER SOUND TO THE FLUID FILLED IN_____ EAR.

Back 9

INNER

Front 10

MOVEMENT OF THE STAPES IN THE OVAL WINDOW CREATES VIB)))))))))

Back 10

VIBRATIONS

Front 11

MOVEMENT OF THE STAPES IN THE OVAL WINDOW CREATES VIBRATIONS IN THE FLUID THAT BATHES THE MEMBRANEOUS LABY_________

Back 11

LABYRITH

Front 12

Rinne test- compares air conduction to bone conduction through the m______

Back 12

mastoid

Front 13

Sensory reception- action potentials that reach the brain via sensory neurons. Detection of stimulus by sensory cells the process of receiving and transmitting stimuli from the periphery or inside the body to the cerebral cortex
occurs through stimulation of recep______or special sense organs which transmit their impulses to the spinal cord and then up to the cerebral cortex
receptors and/or special senses which receive and transmit stimuli from the external environment include the following:
vision (visual)
hearing (auditory)
smell (olfactory)
touch (tactile)
taste (gustatory)
Sensory perception • Perception: construct____ formed by the brain and do not
exist outside of it. the process of perceiving and interpreting external or internal stimuli as mean_____ information in the cerebral cortex

Back 13

receptors
constructions
meaningfull

Front 14

Sensoristasis - optimal state of aro+++++. Organism strives to maintain optimal range of sensory variation. range capable of shifting with variables.

Back 14

arousal

Front 15

Sensory deprivation- RAS in brainstem mediates all stimuli even in sleep. 3 types: 1. reduced sensory input as from vis_____ or sensory loss 2. the elimination of patterns or meaning from strange environments- bed rest 3. environments that produce monotony
Sensory overload
Sensory Deficit- a deficit in the normal of sensory reception and per_______

Back 15

perception
visual
restrictive

Front 16

Effects of Sensory Deprivation- symptoms similar to psych, electrolyte imba______, or the influence of psychotropic drugs.

Back 16

imbalance

Front 17

Sensory Overload occurs when a person receives multiple sensory stimuli and cannot perceptually disregard or selectively ignore some sti_____

Back 17

stimuli

Front 18

Sensory Deficit- a deficit in the norm___ function of sensory reception and perception is a sensory deficit. Looses sense of self-worth

Back 18

normal

Front 19

Effects of sensory deprivation- psych symptoms, confusion, elect____ imbalance, influence of psychotropic drugs.

Back 19

electrolyte

Front 20

Sensory reception – stimuli can be visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile or gustatory. Also can be kinesthetic, stereognosis or visceral.
_____(reticular activating system)- responsible for stimulus arousal (monitors & regulates incoming stimuli)

Back 20

RAS

Front 21

STRESS, SNELLEN CHART, VISUAL ACUTIY
Constant reorientation and control of excessive stimuli an important part of pt care in ICUs. Look for racing thoughts, scatter atten____, and restlessness and anxiety

Back 21

attention

Front 22

Presbyopia- gradual decline in the ability of the lens to accomodate its focus on cl____objects. Unable to see ne____ objects clearly.

Back 22

close
near

Front 23

Cognitive Effects Sensory Deprivation- Reduces capacity to learn; inability to think or prob___-solve. Poor task performance. Disorientation and bizarre thinking, Increased need for socialization altered mechanisms of att______

Back 23

problem-solve
attention

Front 24

Affective Effects Sensory Deprivation: Boredom, Restlessness, Increased Anx____, Emotional lability; Panic; and Increased need for physical stim____

Back 24

Anxiety
Stimulation

Front 25

Sensory Deficit- deficit in normal function of perception and reception sensory stim____

Back 25

stimuli

Front 26

Perceptual Effects Sensory Deprivation: changes in visual/mo___ coordination, reduced color perception, less tactile accuracy, changes in ability to perceive size and shape, changes in spatial and time judg______

Back 26

motor
judgement

Front 27

Sensory Overload- Pain, acutely i++++ (ICU), and those under continuous monitoring

Back 27

ill

Front 28

Lumen impaction can cause hearing def____

Back 28

deficit

Front 29

select nursing diagnosis by wh____ sensory def____

Back 29

which deficit

Front 30

implementation- ensure saf____

Back 30

safety

Front 31

Presbyopica= a gradual decline in the ability of the lens to accomodate or focus on close objects unable to see near objects cl_____

Back 31

clearly

Front 32

Presycusis a common progressive hearing disorder in older a))))))

Back 32

adults

Front 33

Balance deficit- dizziness and disequilibrium- common condition in older adulthood from vest++++ dysfunction. A change in position of head precipitates vertigo or diseq++++++

Back 33

vestibular
disequilibrium

Front 34

Xerostomia- decrease in salivary function that leads to thicker mucous and dry mouth. Interferes with ability to eat and leads to appetite and nutritional prob_____

Back 34

problems

Front 35

Neurological Deficits- Peripheral Neuropathy- disorder of peripheral nervous system. Numbness and ting)))))) and stumbling gait

Back 35

tingling

Front 36

Neurological Deficits- creates altered proprioception with incoordination and imbalance. Loss of sensation and mot____ function

Back 36

motor

Front 37

Sensory Overload- multiple sensory stimuli and cannot perceptually disregard or selec))))))) ignore some stimuli

Back 37

selectively

Front 38

COMMUNICATON METHODS- Aphasia- listen to the patient and wait for him to communicate with y____. Do not shout or speak loudly. Hearing loss is not the pro++++. If the pt has problems with comprehension, use simple short questions and facial ges)))))) to give additional cues.

Back 38

you
problem
gestures

Front 39

COMMUNICATON METHODS- Aphasia- If the pt has probs speaking, ask for yes or n__ answers or answers that require blinking. Offer pictures or a communication board so pt can p++++

Back 39

no
point

Front 40

COMMUNICATON METHODS- Aphasia-Give the pt time to understand; Calm and patient. Do not press))))) or tire of him or her. Avoid patron_____ and artificial games.

Back 40

pressure
patronizing

Front 41

COMMUNICATION METHODS- Pts with Aritificial Airway- Use pictures, objects, or word cards so the pt can p_____ Offer a pencil and pad or Magic Slate so pt can write mess)))))). Do not shout or speak lo(((((((

Back 41

point
messages
loudly

Front 42

COMMUNICATION METHODS- Pts with Aritificial Airway- Give the pt time to write messages because pts fatigue eas))))))). Provide an artificial voice box or vib))))))) for the pt with a laryngectomy to use to speak

Back 42

easily
vibrator

Front 43

COMMUNICATION METHODS-Pts with hearing impairment-Get the patient's atten____ Do not startle him or her when entering the room. Face the pt and stand or sit on the same level. Be sure that your face and lips are illuminated to promote lip re_______. Keep hands away from mouth.

Back 43

attention
lip reading

Front 44

COMMUNICATION METHODS-Pts with hearing impairment-Be sure that pts keep eyeglasses clean so they are able to see your gestures and f_____. If the pt wears a hearing aid, make sure that it is in place and working.

Back 44

face

Front 45

It enables the person to be aware of the position and movement of body parts without seeing them.

Back 45

What is a kinesthetic sense?

Front 46

What is stereognosis sense?
A sense that allows a person to recognize an objects size, shape, and text____.

Back 46

texture

Front 47

What are the three components of any sensory experience?
1.Reception
2.Perception
3. React____

Back 47

reaction

Front 48

Rinne test
Sensory reception
Sensory perception
Sensoristasis
Sensory deprivation
Sensory overload
Sensory deficit
Stress
Snellen chart
Visual acuity
Weber test

Back 48

Define

Front 49

Arousal
Auditory
Cultural care deprivation
Impaired vision
Impaired hearing
Impulse conduction
Gustatory
Kinesthetic perception
Perception
Presbyscusis
Presbyopia

Back 49

Define

Front 50

Anatomic & Physiologic components of the sensory – perceptual process

Back 50

Reception
Perception
Reaction

Front 51

Infants are at risk for They are at risk for visual and hearing impairment due to:
genetic condition
prenat____ condition
post-natal condition

Back 51

prenatal

Front 52

Hearing changes occurs such as:
Decreased hearing acuity
Speech intelligibility
Pitch discrim______

Back 52

pitch discrimination

Front 53

Age 50

Gustatory and olfactory changes begin.
Taste bu____, taste discrimination and sensitivity, and sensory cells in the nasal lining decrease at this age.

Back 53

buds

Front 54

To Reduce the incidence of sensory deprivation: TV, music, pets, calender, clock, pictures of fam___

Back 54

family

Front 55

Needs to be present in the health care system
roomates; visi____

Back 55

visitors

Front 56

Presence or absence influence:
Participation in ca))))) alertness

Back 56

care

Front 57

3 types of sensory deprivation: 1.reduced sensory input from visual/hearing loss , 2. or meaning from input, 3. exposure to strange and restrict____ environments

Back 57

restrictive

Front 58

effects of sensory deprivation: cognitive; reduced capacity to learn, inability to think or problem solve, poor task performance, disorientation, bizarre thinking, or increased need for social+++++ or altered mech for att++++

Back 58

socialization
attention