Chapter 48 Endocrine System

Front 1

Two of the primary communicating and coordinating systems in the body.

Back 1

Endocrine system

Nervous system

Front 2

The nervous system communicates through n____ impulses.

Back 2

Nerve

Front 3

The endocrine system communicates throuh chemical substances known as h______.

Back 3

Hormones

Front 4

The endocrine system plays a role in :

1. r_____________
2. g___ & d_______
3. r____ of e______

Back 4

1. reproduction
2. growth and development
3. regulation of energy

Front 5

The endocrine system is composed of g____ or g____ t_____.

Back 5

glands or glandular tissues.

Front 6

The glands or glandular tissues of the endocrine system p____, s_____, and s_____ h_______ that travel through the blood to specific target cells throughout the body.

Back 6

Produce
Store
Secrete hormones

Front 7

The endocrine glands include:

1. H______
2. P______
3. T______
4. P______
5. A______
6. P______
7. O______
8. T______
9. P______

Back 7

1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. thyroid
4. Parathyroids
5. Adrenals
6. Pancreas
7. Ovaries
8. Testes
9. Pineal

Front 8

The p____ gland which secretes melatonin is involved in stimulating gonadal function.

Back 8

Pineal

Front 9

The p____ gland which secretes melatonin is involved in stimulating gonadal function.

Back 9

Pineal

Front 10

In addition to the endocrine glands, other body o____ secrete hormones.

Back 10

Organs

Front 11

The kidneys secrete e_______.

Back 11

erythropoietin

Front 12

The heart secretes a_____ n_____ peptide.

Back 12

Atrial natriuretic

Front 13

The gastrointestinal tract secretes numerous p____ hormones (e.g. gastin)

Back 13

peptide

Front 14

****Structures and functions of the endocrine system

Back 14

****Structures and functions of the endocrine system

Front 15

***Glands

Back 15

***Glands

Front 16

The organs of the endocrine system are referred to as g____.

Back 16

Glands

Front 17

Endocrine glands produce a chemical substance called h_____.

Back 17

Hormones

Front 18

Glands secrete hormones into the b_____, where they eventually affect specific t____ t____.

Back 18

blood
Target tissues

Front 19

A t____ t_____ is the body tissue or organ that the hormone has its effect on.

Back 19

target tissue

Front 20

Not all glands in the body belong to the endocrine system.

True or False.

Back 20

True

Front 21

the thyroid gland synthesizes thyroxine (hormone) which influences all body tissue.

True or false.

Back 21

True

Front 22

There are two types of glands what are they?

Back 22

Exocrine glands
Endocrine glands

Front 23

These glands secrete their substances into ducts that empty into a body cavity or onto a surface.

Back 23

Exocrine

Front 24

These glands do not have ducts and secrete their substances directly into the blood.

Back 24

Endocrine

Front 25

****Hormones

Back 25

****Hormones

Front 26

****Classifications and functions

Back 26

****Classifications and functions

Front 27

A chemical substance synthesized and secreted by a specific organ or tissue.

Back 27

Hormone

Front 28

Most hormones have common characteristics including:

1.
2.
3.

Back 28

1. Secretion in small amounts at variable but predictable rates.

2. Circulation through the blood.

3. Binding to specific cellular receptors either in the cell membrane or within the cell.

Front 29

Hormones are classified by their c___ s____.

Back 29

Chemical structure

Front 30

There are two classifications of hormones based on chemical structure. What are they?

Back 30

Lipid soluable hormones

Water soluable hormones (protein based)

Front 31

Water soluble hormones are p____ based.

Back 31

protein

Front 32

Lipid-soluble hormones include:

1. s______ hormones
2. t______ hormones

Back 32

1. Steroid hormones
2. Thyroid hormones

Front 33

All hormones produced by the adrenal cortex and sex glands are _____ hormones.

Back 33

Steroid

Front 34

All other hormones besides steroid and thyroid are w___ s____ hormones.

Back 34

water soluble

Front 35

The differences in hormone solubility become important in understanding how the hormone interacts with the target cell?

True or False

Back 35

True

Front 36

Hormones control a number of physiologic activities. Important hormones functions are related to:

Back 36

1. Reproduction
2. Response to stress and injury
3. Electrolyte balance
4. Energy metabolism
5. Growth
6. maturation
7. Aging

Front 37

FYI

Back 37

Hormones play a role a nervous system function. Some hormones have a regulatory effect on nervous tissue. (e.g. Catechlamines are hormones when secreted by the adrenal medulla, but act as neurotransmitters when secreted by nerve cells in the brain and PNS. When epinephrine travels through blood it is a hormone and affects target tissues, but when it travels across synaptic junction.

Front 38

FYI

Back 38

Hormones can also influence behavior (e.g. Excess growth hormone, cortisol, and parathyroid hormone can cause mood swings.

Depression has been associated with adrenal insufficiencey and hypothyroidism.

Front 39

****Hormone Transport

Back 39

****Hormone transport

Front 40

H_____ are carried by the blood to other sites in the body where their actions are exerted.

Back 40

Hormones

Front 41

FYI

Back 41

Hormones are either water soluable or non water soluable.

Front 42

There hormones are not water soluable.

Back 42

Steroid
Thyroid

Front 43

Non water soluable hormones are bound to p____ p_____ for transport in the blood.

Back 43

Plasma proteins

Front 44

Although hormones are inactive when bound to plasma proteins they can be released when appropriate and immediately exert their action at the t___ t____.

Back 44

Target tissue

Front 45

Water soluble hormones (protein hormones, catecholamines) circulate freely in the blood and are N__ dependent on proteins for transport.

Back 45

NOT