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31 Cards in this Set

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The progressive loss of bone density during later adult life accounts for the decline in

Bone strength

Age-related joint changes occurs primarily due to the changes in

Cartilage ( loses elasticity , become soft and frayed, friction between unprotected bony joint surface promote bony Spurs)

Pain and crackling sound in joints during movement

Crepitus

Most common form of arthritis-degeneration of articular cartilage

Osteoarthritis

Diagnosis of osteoarthritis is usually based on

Health history and radiographic studies

Medical treatment

Maintain as much Mobility as possible and minimize disability , physical measures, education, drug therapy, and surgery

Osteoarthritis

Physical measures

Periods of rest, wearing cushioned shoes, heat and cold , transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens), maintaining muscle mass, reduce the load on joint cartilage

Osteoarthritis

Drug therapy

NSAID, salicylates, glucocorticoid injections, supplements

Osteoarthritis

Common sites for osteoarthritis

Knee hip shoulder sometimes elbow

The primary indication for total joint replacement is

Intractable pain

The surgical treatment of choice for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee

Arthroplasty

Signs and symptoms of DVT

Tenderness, swelling, redness, warm, and firm, palpable blood vessels called cords

Machine used to reduce Scar Tissue formation and improve range of motion after joint replacement

CPM continuous passive motion

Rheumatoid arthritis

Systemic disorder, people 30 to 60 years of age, more common in women, affects an estimated 1% of world

Ankylosis

Loss of joint Mobility occurring and rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Systemic disorder , pink people 30 to 60 years more common in women estimated 1% of population all over the world. Morning stiffness last more than an hour usually symmetric. Treatment includes rest drug therapy physical and occupational therapy hand surgery

The surgical treatment for osteoarthritis

Arthroplasty

Vasculitis

Inflammation of blood vessels

Seen in rheumatoid arthritis

Sjogren syndrome

Characterized by dryness of mouth eyes and vagina

Osteoporosis

Effects Tales of fair skin ,small body frame diagnosed by dxa. medical treatment calcium along with vitamin D supplementation , serms ,Boniva Fosamax

Gout

Occurs when uric acid accumulates in the tissues due to an overproduction of inadequate excretion by the kidneys(hyperuricemia). More prevalent in men onset 40 to 50 years of age risk increases with high intake of alcohol red meat and fructose. Treat it within nsaids, oral colchicine and corticosteroids

Three stages of gout

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia , acute gouty arthritis comma and chronic tophaceous gout

Tophi

Deposits of sodium urate crystals that are visible as small white nodules under the skin

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

Chronic autoimmune disease hardening of the skin can affect the GI tract, lungs, Hart, kidneys comma muscles comma joints comma and blood vessels.

Systemic sclerosis

Two types diffuse LaRosa's limited sclerosis AKA Crest syndrome( dilated superficial blood vessels) diagnosed with a positive ANA result

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis

Polymyositis applies with no skin is involved, dermatomyositis occurs when characteristics skin rash occurs. Primary symptom of polymyositis is weak muscles. Diagnosed with muscle biopsy positive for muscle degeneration treatment drug therapy includes high-dose glucocorticoids

Bursitis

Calls by trauma usually excessive use of joint includes pain and limited movement manage with splinting cold compresses for the first 24 hours and heat thereafter afterwards Progressive range of motion

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Pain and numbness call spell repetitive wrist movements such as typing managed with splinting to prevent flexion glucocorticoid transverse carpal ligament

Ankylosing spondylitis

Aching pain in buttocks, lowerback morning stiffness, spinal fractures treated with NSAIDs, dmard monoclonal antibodies, PT

Reactive arthritis( reiter's syndrome)

Often follows infection of GI or GU tract signs Triad of arthritis urethritis conjunctivitis treated with antibiotics NSAIDs and physical therapy

Behcet syndrome

Chronic system autoimmune syndrome oral and genital ulcers