Chapter 4 Vocabulary

Front 1

ATP

Back 1

high-energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, energy that cells can use

Front 2

ADP

Back 2

low-energy molecule that can be converted to ATP

Front 3

Chemosynthesis

Back 3

process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light

Front 4

Photosynthesis

Back 4

process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water

Front 5

Chlorophyll

Back 5

light-absorbing pigment molecule in photosynthetic organisms

Front 6

Thylakoid

Back 6

membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

Front 7

Light-Dependent Reactions

Back 7

part of photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light-independent reactions

Front 8

Light-Independent Reactions

Back 8

part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light-dependent reactions to synthesize carbohydrates

Front 9

Photosystem

Back 9

series of light-absorbing pigments and proteins that capture and transfer energy in the thylakoid membrane

Front 10

Electron Transport Chain

Back 10

series of proteins in the thylakoid and mitochondrial membranes that aid in converting ADP to ATP by transferring electrons

Front 11

ATP Synthase

Back 11

enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that adds a high-energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP

Front 12

Calvin Cycle

Back 12

process by which a photosynthetic organism uses energy to synthesize simple sugars from CO2