Chapter 4 Vocabulary

Front 1

system unit

Back 1

a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data

Front 2

motherboard

Back 2

main circut board of the system unit

Front 3

chip

Back 3

small piece od semiconducting material usually silicon, on which integrated circuts are used.

Front 4

CPU

Back 4

interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

Front 5

multi core processor

Back 5

a chip with two or more separate processor cores

Front 6

control unit

Back 6

component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations

Front 7

ALU

Back 7

performs arithmetic comparison and other operations. component of the processor

Front 8

system clock

Back 8

small quartz crystal circut. comtols timing of computer

Front 9

clock speed

Back 9

measured by number of ticks per second in the gigahertz range

Front 10

binary system

Back 10

number system that has just two unique digets, 0 and 1

Front 11

bit

Back 11

smallest unit of data a computer can process

Front 12

byte

Back 12

8 bitd grouped together as a unit. can represent up to 256 characters

Front 13

memory

Back 13

electronic components that store instructions waiting to be carried out by the processor

Front 14

volatile memory

Back 14

type of memory in which when the computer is turned off its content is lost forever

Front 15

non volatile memoey

Back 15

memory in which when the computer is turned off the data is stored.

Front 16

RAM memory

Back 16

memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices

Front 17

ROM memory

Back 17

memory chips storing permanent data and instructions. cannot be modified

Front 18

memory module

Back 18

RAM chips reside on them. samll circut board

Front 19

memory slot

Back 19

on the motherboard. holds memory modules

Front 20

catche

Back 20

helps speed up thr process of the computer bc it stores frequrntly used data and instructions

Front 21

L1 catche

Back 21

built directly into the processor chip, usually has a very small capacity range from 8-128 kb

Front 22

L2 catche

Back 22

slightly slowr then l1, has a larger capacity range of 64-16 MB

Front 23

ROM

Back 23

memory chips permanent data and instructions. cant be modified

Front 24

Flash memory

Back 24

type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased and re-written.

Front 25

CMOS

Back 25

tech that provides high speeds and consumes little power. uses battery power.

Front 26

Access time

Back 26

time it takes the processor to read data, and info.

Front 27

nanosecond

Back 27

one billionth of a second

Front 28

expansion slot

Back 28

socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter board

Front 29

adapter card

Back 29

circut board that enhances functions of a component of the system unit

Front 30

flash memory

Back 30

type of nonvlitile memory that can be easily erased and re written

Front 31

peripheral

Back 31

device that connects to the system unit and its controlled bt the computer processor

Front 32

hub

Back 32

device that attaches to a single port thst crestes multiple ports

Front 33

port

Back 33

point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit so that it can send data or recieve information

Front 34

usb port

Back 34

connects up to 127 different peripherals.

Front 35

firewire port

Back 35

connects multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission speeds

Front 36

SCSI port

Back 36

allows attachment of SCSI peripherals like printer

Front 37

power supply

Back 37

component of the system unit that converts thw wall outlet into power

Front 38

port replicator

Back 38

provides connections to peripherals through parts bulit into the computer or device

Front 39

bus

Back 39

allows the devices to communicate with eachother within the computer system

Front 40

system bus

Back 40

part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory

Front 41

BSB

Back 41

conncects the processor to catche

Front 42

expansion bus

Back 42

allows the processor to communicate with peripherals

Front 43

bay

Back 43

opening inside the system unit by which you can install more stuff.

Front 44

drive baY

Back 44

rectangular opening that holds disk drives

Front 45

system unit

Back 45

a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data

Front 46

motherboard

Back 46

main circut board of the system unit

Front 47

chip

Back 47

small piece od semiconducting material usually silicon, on which integrated circuts are used.

Front 48

CPU

Back 48

interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

Front 49

multi core processor

Back 49

a chip with two or more separate processor cores

Front 50

control unit

Back 50

component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations

Front 51

ALU

Back 51

performs arithmetic comparison and other operations. component of the processor

Front 52

system clock

Back 52

small quartz crystal circut. comtols timing of computer

Front 53

clock speed

Back 53

measured by number of ticks per second in the gigahertz range

Front 54

port replicator

Back 54

provides connections to peripherals through parts bulit into the computer or device

Front 55

bus

Back 55

allows the devices to communicate with eachother within the computer system

Front 56

system bus

Back 56

part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory

Front 57

BSB

Back 57

conncects the processor to catche

Front 58

expansion bus

Back 58

allows the processor to communicate with peripherals

Front 59

bay

Back 59

opening inside the system unit by which you can install more stuff.

Front 60

drive baY

Back 60

rectangular opening that holds disk drives